Well-ordered nanonetwork materials with triply periodic minimal surface texture are appealing and promising for innovative properties such as optical and mechanical metamaterials as inspired by nature (e.g., the photonic property from the wing structure of a butterfly and the high-impact property from the dactyl club of a mantis shrimp). Network structures possess self-supporting frameworks, open-cell character, high porosity, and large specific surface area, giving specific functions and complexity for practical applications. Here, a facile approach with simple routes for acquiring of metastable network phases beyond conventional phase diagrams is proposed and examined. By taking advantage of controlled self-assembly for high-interaction-parameter (χ) block copolymers (BCPs), it is feasible to acquire network phases from the use of a selective solvent for self-assembly under controlled evaporation of the solvent. In contrast with the thermodynamically stable equilibrium phases from intrinsic BCPs and their blends with conventional network phases, a variety of kinetically trapped network phases with a high degree of ordering can be obtained from a single-composition lamellar phase, giving an easy method to acquire metastable network phases even for a primitive phase with large packing frustration (i.e., entropic penalty). Furthermore, the windows for network phases can even be expanded through controlled self-assembly of star-BCPs as compared with the linear-conformation diblocks. As a result, the topological architecture of BCPs could be another controlling factor to vary the phase behaviors, which may provide easy access to a variety of metastable network phases from thermodynamically stable phases through a kinetically controlled process for self-assembly.

中文翻译：

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高χ嵌段共聚物受控自组装的亚稳态网络相

具有三周期性最小表面纹理的良好有序纳米网络材料对于创新特性具有吸引力和前景，例如受自然启发的光学和机械超材料（例如，来自蝴蝶翅膀结构的光子特性和来自dactyl的高影响特性）螳螂虾的俱乐部）。网络结构具有自支撑框架、开孔特性、高孔隙率和大比表面积，为实际应用提供了特定的功能和复杂性。在这里，提出并检验了一种简单的方法，用于获取超出传统相图的亚稳态网络相。通过利用高相互作用参数（χ）嵌段共聚物（BCP）的受控自组装，可以通过在溶剂的受控蒸发下使用选择性溶剂进行自组装来获得网络相。与本征 BCP 及其与传统网络相共混物的热力学稳定平衡相相比，可以从单一成分层状相中获得各种具有高度有序性的动力学捕获网络相，从而提供了一种获得亚稳态的简单方法网络阶段，甚至对于具有大包装挫折（即熵惩罚）的原始阶段也是如此。此外，与线性构象二嵌段相比，网络相的窗口甚至可以通过星型 BCP 的受控自组装来扩展。因此，BCP 的拓扑结构可能是改变相行为的另一个控制因素，这可以通过动力学控制的自组装过程从热力学稳定相轻松获得各种亚稳态网络相。