Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a clinical conundrum for patients and clinicians alike and imaging studies are often performed as part of the diagnostic workup of these patients. Recently, the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) convened and approved a guideline on the use of nuclear medicine tools for FUO. The guidelines support the use of 2-18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in adults and children with FUO. 18F-FDG PET/CT allows the detection and localization of foci of hypermetabolic lesions with high sensitivity, based on 18F-FDG uptake in glycolytically active cells that may represent inflammation, infection, or neoplasia. Clinicians should consider and insurers should cover 18F-FDG PET/CT when evaluating patients with FUO, particularly when other clinical clues and preliminary studies are unrevealing.

中文翻译：

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不明原因发热 (FUO) 中的核医学成像工具：重新审视和适当使用标准的时间

不明原因发热 (FUO) 对于患者和临床医生来说都是一个临床难题，影像学检查通常作为这些患者诊断检查的一部分进行。最近，核医学和分子影像学会（SNMMI）召开并批准了关于 FUO 核医学工具使用指南。该指南支持在患有 FUO 的成人和儿童中使用 2-18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖 (18F-FDG) 正电子发射断层扫描 (PET)/计算机断层扫描 (CT)。18F-FDG PET/CT 可以根据可能代表炎症、感染或肿瘤的糖酵解活性细胞中 18F-FDG 的摄取，以高灵敏度检测和定位代谢亢进病变病灶。在评估 FUO 患者时，临床医生应考虑且保险公司应承保 18F-FDG PET/CT，特别是当其他临床线索和初步研究尚未揭示时。