Over the past ten years, there has been a rapid expansion in the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the care of patients with refractory cardiac or respiratory failure. Infectious diseases clinicians must reconcile conflicting evidence from limited studies as they develop practices at their own institutions, which has resulted in considerably different practices globally. This review describes infection control and prevention as well as antimicrobial prophylaxis strategies in this population. Data on diagnostics and treatment for patients receiving ECMO with a focus on diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship is then examined. This review summarizes gaps in the current ECMO literature and proposes future needs, including developing clear definitions for infections and encouraging transparent reporting of practices at individual facilities in future clinical trials.

中文翻译：

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接受体外膜氧合的成人的院内感染：传染病临床医生的回顾

在过去的十年中，体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）在治疗难治性心脏或呼吸衰竭患者中的​​应用迅速扩大。传染病临床医生在自己的机构中制定实践时，必须协调有限研究中相互矛盾的证据，这导致全球范围内的实践存在很大差异。本综述描述了该人群的感染控制和预防以及抗菌药物预防策略。然后检查接受 ECMO 患者的诊断和治疗数据，重点是诊断和抗菌管理。这篇综述总结了当前 ECMO 文献中的差距，并提出了未来的需求，包括制定明确的感染定义，并鼓励在未来的临床试验中透明地报告各个机构的做法。