IntroductionCo‐infection with HIV and mpox is a significant issue for public health because of the potential combined impact on clinical outcomes. However, the existing literature lacks a comprehensive synthesis of the available evidence. The purpose of this meta‐analysis is to provide insight into the impact of HIV and mpox co‐infection on clinical outcomes.MethodsWe systematically searched major electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, and Web of Science) for pertinent studies published up to June 2023. Included were studies that described the clinical outcomes of people who had both mpox and HIV. We performed the analysis using OpenMeta and STATA 17 software.ResultsWith an overall number of participants of 35 207, 21 studies that met the inclusion criteria were considered. The greatest number of the studies (n = 10) were cohort designs, with three being cross‐sectional and eight being case series studies. The meta‐analysis found that people who had both HIV and mpox had a higher hospitalization rate than those who only had mpox (odds ratio [OR] 1.848; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.918–3.719, p = 0.085, I2 = 60.19%, p = 0.020). Furthermore, co‐infected patients had higher mortality rates than those who did not have HIV co‐infection (OR 3.887; 95% CI 2.272–6.650, p < 0.001). Meta‐regression analysis showed that CD4 levels can significantly predict the risk of hospitalization (p = 0.016) and death (p = 0.031).DiscussionHIV causes immunosuppression, making it difficult for the body to mount an effective immune response against pathogens such as mpox. Individuals who are co‐infected are at a higher risk of severe disease and death, according to our findings. Although hospitalization rates did not differ significantly between the two groups, it is critical to prioritize interventions and improve management strategies tailored specifically for people living with HIV.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis provides substantial evidence that HIV and mpox co‐infection has a negative impact on clinical outcomes. Co‐infected individuals had higher hospitalization and significantly higher mortality rates. These findings highlight the significance of early diagnosis, prompt treatment initiation, and effective management strategies for people living with HIV and mpox.

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HIV 和 MPOX 合并感染对临床结果的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析

简介 HIV 和 MPOX 的双重感染是公共卫生的一个重大问题，因为它们对临床结果有潜在的综合影响。然而，现有文献缺乏对现有证据的全面综合。本荟萃分析的目的是深入了解 HIV 和 MPOX 合并感染对临床结果的影响。方法我们系统地检索了主要电子数据库（PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Central 和 Web of Science），以查找发表的相关研究2023 年 6 月。其中包括描述 MPOX 和 HIV 感染者临床结果的研究。我们使用 OpenMeta 和 STATA 17 软件进行分析。结果 参与者总数为 35 207 人，考虑了 21 项符合纳入标准的研究。最多的研究（n= 10）是队列设计，其中三个是横断面研究，八个是案例系列研究。荟萃分析发现，同时感染 HIV 和 MPOX 的患者比仅感染 MPOX 的患者住院率更高（比值比 [OR] 1.848；95% 置信区间 [CI] 0.918–3.719，p= 0.085,我2= 60.19%,p= 0.020）。此外，合并感染的患者比未合并感染 HIV 的患者死亡率更高（OR 3.887；95% CI 2.272–6.650，p< 0.001）。荟萃回归分析表明 CD4 水平可以显着预测住院风险（p= 0.016) 和死亡 (p= 0.031).讨论HIV会导致免疫抑制，使人体难以对mpox等病原体产生有效的免疫反应。根据我们的研究结果，同时感染的人患严重疾病和死亡的风险更高。尽管两组之间的住院率没有显着差异，但优先考虑干预措施并改进专门为艾滋病毒感染者量身定制的管理策略至关重要。结论这项荟萃分析提供了充分的证据，表明艾滋病毒和mpox合并感染对临床有负面影响结果。合并感染者的住院率更高，死亡率也明显更高。这些发现强调了早期诊断、及时开始治疗和有效管理策略对艾滋病毒和麻疹感染者的重要性。