BackgroundGastric cancer, a leading cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide, has seen limited improvement in survival over the past 3 decades. Surgical resection is the cornerstone of curative management but the optimal approach remains unclear. Decision‐making is hindered by inconsistent outcome reporting limiting data synthesis between trials. International consensus between healthcare professionals and patients has formed a core outcome set to be reported as a minimum. We appraised outcomes previously reported.MethodsEvidence Based Medicine Reviews, MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews of RCTs during years 1995–2021. We searched trial registries for protocols of ongoing and future trials.ResultsNinety‐nine articles from 64 studies and 69 trial protocols were included. No study reported all core outcomes: average reported per trial was 4 (interquartile range: 2). ‘Serious’ adverse events were reported by 98%, completeness of tumour removal by 85% and surgery‐related death by 74%. Outcomes important to patients were reported least: quality of life (22%) and nutritional effects (15%). Defining outcomes and time frames used was variable.ConclusionsCritically important outcomes are poorly reported in the literature and the status has not improved in future trials. Further work is required to improve uptake.

中文翻译：

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过去25年胃癌手术试验核心结果报告（系统评价）

背景胃癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，在过去 30 年中，其生存率改善有限。手术切除是治愈性治疗的基石，但最佳方法仍不清楚。不一致的结果报告限制了试验之间的数据合成，从而阻碍了决策的制定。医疗保健专业人员和患者之间的国际共识已经形成了至少需要报告的核心结果。我们评估了之前报道的结果。方法在循证医学评论、MEDLINE、EMBASE 和 CINAHL 中检索了 1995 年至 2021 年期间的随机对照试验 (RCT) 和 RCT 的系统评价。我们在试验登记处检索了正在进行的和未来试验的方案。结果纳入了来自 64 项研究的 99 篇文章和 69 项试验方案。没有研究报告所有核心结果：每次试验报告的平均结果为 4（四分位数间距：2）。98% 报告了“严重”不良事件，85% 报告了肿瘤切除的完整性，74% 报告了与手术相关的死亡。对患者重要的结果报道最少：生活质量（22%）和营养影响（15%）。定义结果和使用的时间范围是可变的。结论文献中对至关重要的结果的报道很少，而且在未来的试验中这种状况也没有改善。需要进一步开展工作来提高吸收率。