We evaluated the potential of the FBO (Fertilisation Bio Organique ®) technology to store carbon provided in the form of organic fertilizer in a Colombian plantain banana plantation. FBO is an agroecological technique which consists of adding low- and high-quality organic materials and endogeic earthworms in a specific design in 1.0 × 0.4 × 0.3 m deep trenches where perennial plants are further planted. Trenches may also be organized in inter rows in established plantations. The overall surface occupied by trenches was limited to 2.2 % of total area in our experiment. In the experimental setup, the two sources of organic materials were either separated (FBO1) or mixed (FBO2). In control plots, trenches were dug and refilled with no addition of organic matter nor earthworms and chemical fertilization was applied. We postulated that earthworm casts would be further stabilized as large soil macro aggregates, within which organic matter would be physically protected from decomposition and mineralization. Total macroinvertebrate population densities were 76.6 to 85.3 % higher than in the control in the FBO treatments 2 and 1 respectively. Populations of Isopoda increased markedly (from 402 ± 133 m in Control to 2586 ± 458 in FBO1 and 2274 ± 280 in FBO2), in the same way as Diplopoda (180 ± 40 m in C to 1453 ± 324 in FBO1 and 1259 ± 214 in FBO2) and earthworms (from 68 ± 24 m in C to 322 ± 39 m in FBO1 and 261 ± 40 in FBO2). Soil macro aggregation was greatly enhanced in the FBO treatments with significant increases in the percentages of large biogenic (+48.1 %), medium sized biogenic (+66.9 %), and small biogenic (+454.3 %) macro aggregates created at expenses of the physical aggregates and non macroaggregated residual soil that were almost absent. The organic matter content of aggregates was lowest in physical and large biogenic macro aggregates, intermediate in medium sized biogenic macro aggregates and highest in residual soil and small biogenic macro aggregates. On a hectare scale and to a depth of 30 cm, the organic C stored in the FBO treatments represented between 6.5 and 7.8 ‰ of the total initial stock of organic carbon. Respirometric activity declined by two thirds in the large and medium sized biogenic macro aggregates as compared with the non-macroaggregated residual soil, emphasizing their potential for C sequestration. Our results illustrate the substantial effect of macroinvertebrate activities on the progressive incorporation of organic residues into a succession of macro aggregate structures, within which they are significantly protected from mineralization.

中文翻译：

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应用 FBO 技术后，有机物质投入和蚯蚓接种增强了热带土壤的碳储存

我们评估了 FBO（生物有机肥施肥®）技术在哥伦比亚大蕉香蕉种植园储存以有机肥料形式提供的碳的潜力。FBO是一种生态农业技术，包括在特定设计的1.0×0.4×0.3m深的沟渠中添加低质和优质有机材料以及内生蚯蚓，并进一步种植多年生植物。在已建立的种植园中，沟渠也可以排成行。在我们的实验中，沟槽占据的总表面限制为总面积的 2.2%。在实验设置中，两种有机材料来源要么是分离的（FBO1），要么是混合的（FBO2）。在对照地块中，挖沟并回填，不添加有机物或蚯蚓，并施用化学肥料。我们假设蚯蚓粪将进一步稳定为大型土壤宏观聚集体，其中有机物将受到物理保护，免遭分解和矿化。FBO 处理 2 和 1 的大型无脊椎动物总密度分别比对照高 76.6% 至 85.3%。等足类种群数量显着增加（从对照的 402 ± 133 m 增加到 FBO1 的 2586 ± 458 和 FBO2 的 2274 ± 280），与双足类相同（C 的 180 ± 40 m 增加到 FBO1 的 1453 ± 324 和 FBO1 的 1259 ± 214） FBO2 中）和蚯蚓（从 C 中的 68 ± 24 m 到 FBO1 中的 322 ± 39 m 和 FBO2 中的 261 ± 40）。FBO 处理中的土壤宏观团聚体大大增强，以物理消耗为代价产生的大型生物成因 (+48.1%)、中型生物成因 (+66.9%) 和小型生物成因 (+454.3%) 宏观团聚体的百分比显着增加。几乎不存在团聚体和非大团聚的残留土壤。物理性大团聚体有机质含量最低，中型生物大团聚体有机质含量中等，残积土和小型生物大团聚体有机质含量最高。在公顷规模和 30 厘米深度上，FBO 处理中储存的有机碳占有机碳初始总储量的 6.5% 至 7.8%。与非大团聚残留土壤相比，大中型生物大团聚体的呼吸活性下降了三分之二，强调了它们固碳的潜力。我们的结果说明了大型无脊椎动物的活动对有机残留物逐渐融入一系列宏观聚集结构中的重大影响，在这些结构中它们受到显着的保护，免受矿化。