Self-powered electrochemical sensors based on photofuel cells have attracted considerable research interest because their unique advantage of not requiring an external electric source, but their application in portable and multiplexed targets assay is limited by the inherent mechanism. In this work, a portable self-powered sensor constructed with multichannel photofuel cells was developed for the ratiometric detection of mycotoxins, namely ochratoxin A (OTA) and patulin (PAT). The spatially resolved CdS/BiS-modified photoanodes and a shared Prussian Blue cathode were integrated on an etched indium-tin oxide slide to fabricate the multichannel photofuel cell. The aptamers of OTA and PAT were covalently bonded to individual photoanode regions to build sensitive interfaces, and the specific recognition of analytes impaired the output performance of constructed PFC. Accordingly, ratiometric sensing of OTA and PAT was achieved by utilizing the output performance of a control PFC as a reference signal. This approach effectively eliminates the impact of light intensity on the accuracy of the detection. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed sensing chip exhibited linear ranges of 2.0–1000 nM and 5.0–500 nM for OTA and PAT, respectively. The detection limits (3 S/N) were determined to be 0.25 nM for OTA and 0.27 nM for PAT. The developed ratiometric sensing method demonstrated good selectivity and stability in the simultaneous detection of OTA and PAT. It was successfully utilized for the analysis of OTA and PAT real samples. This work provides a new perspective for construction of portable and ratiometric self-powered sensing platform.

中文翻译：

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基于多通道光燃料电池的便携式自供电电化学适体传感平台，用于霉菌毒素比率检测

基于光燃料电池的自供电电化学传感器因其不需要外部电源的独特优势而引起了广泛的研究兴趣，但其在便携式和多重目标检测中的应用受到固有机制的限制。在这项工作中，开发了一种由多通道光燃料电池构建的便携式自供电传感器，用于比率检测霉菌毒素，即赭曲霉毒素 A (OTA) 和棒曲霉素 (PAT)。将空间分辨的 CdS/BiS 改性光电阳极和共享的普鲁士蓝阴极集成在蚀刻的氧化铟锡幻灯片上，以制造多通道光燃料电池。 OTA和PAT的适配体共价键合到各个光阳极区域以构建敏感界面，分析物的特异性识别损害了构建的PFC的输出性能。因此，通过利用控制 PFC 的输出性能作为参考信号，实现了 OTA 和 PAT 的比例感测。这种方法有效地消除了光强对检测精度的影响。在最佳条件下，所提出的传感芯片对 OTA 和 PAT 的线性范围分别为 2.0-1000 nM 和 5.0-500 nM。 OTA 的检测限 (3 S/N) 确定为 0.25 nM，PAT 的检测限为 0.27 nM。所开发的比率传感方法在同时检测OTA和PAT时表现出良好的选择性和稳定性。它已成功用于 OTA 和 PAT 真实样品的分析。这项工作为构建便携式比例自供电传感平台提供了新的视角。