This work studies the effect of hub congestion and time-sensitive demand on a hub-and-spoke location/allocation system. The Hub Location with Congestion and Time-sensitive Demand Problem is introduced, which combines these two main characteristics. On the one hand, hubs can be activated at several service levels, each of them characterized by a maximum capacity, expressed as the amount of flow that may circulate through the hub, which is associated with a hub transit time. On the other hand, alternative levels are available for served commodities, where each demand level is characterized by its amount of demand, unit revenue, and maximum service time. In this problem the efficiency of a hub-and-spoke system is given by the maximum net profit it may produce. To the best of our knowledge this is the first work where hub congestion and time-sensitive demand are jointly considered.

中文翻译：

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交通拥堵且需求时间敏感的枢纽位置

这项工作研究了中心拥塞和时间敏感需求对中心辐射型位置/分配系统的影响。引入了具有拥塞和时间敏感需求问题的枢纽位置，它结合了这两个主要特征。一方面，集线器可以在多个服务级别上激活，每个服务级别都具有最大容量，表示为可以通过集线器循环的流量，这与集线器传输时间相关。另一方面，所服务的商品也有可供选择的级别，其中每个需求级别的特征在于其需求量、单位收入和最长服务时间。在这个问题中，中心辐射型系统的效率由它可能产生的最大净利润给出。据我们所知，这是第一个同时考虑枢纽拥堵和时间敏感需求的工作。