Currently, adhesive hydrogels have shown promising effect in chronic diabetic wound repair. However, there are issues and challenges in treating diabetic wounds due to inadequate wet adhesion, unable to fill irregular and deep wounds, and oxidative stress. Herein, a mussel-inspired naturally hydrogel dressing with rapid shape adaptability, wet adhesion and antioxidant abilities for irregular, deep and frequently movement diabetic wounds repair was constructed by comprising catechol modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-DA) and tannic acid. Benefiting from the reversible hydrogen bonding, the resulting hydrogels exhibited injectability, remarkable self-healing ability, rapid shape adaptability and strong tissue adhesion (45.9 kPa), thereby contributing to self-adaptive irregular-shaped wounds or moving joint parts. Especially, the adhesion strength of the hydrogel on wet tissue still remained at 14.9 kPa. Besides, the hydrogels could be easily detached from the skin by ice-cooling that avoided secondary damage caused by dressing change. Remarkably, the hydrogels possessed excellent antioxidant, satisfactory biocompatibility, efficient hemostasis and antibacterial properties. The evaluation further demonstrated that the hydrogel possessed considerable wound-healing promotion effect by regulating diabetic microenvironment, attributed to that the hydrogel could significantly reduce inflammatory response, alleviate oxidative stress and regulate neovascularization. Overall, this biosafe adhesive hydrogel had great potentials for diabetic wound management.

中文翻译：

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具有快速形状适应性和抗氧化活性的仿生湿粘合剂羧甲基纤维素水凝胶用于糖尿病伤口修复

目前，粘合水凝胶在慢性糖尿病伤口修复中显示出良好的效果。然而，由于湿粘附不足、无法填充不规则和深的伤口以及氧化应激，治疗糖尿病伤口存在问题和挑战。在此，我们构建了一种受贻贝启发的天然水凝胶敷料，该敷料具有快速形状适应性、湿粘附性和抗氧化能力，用于修复不规则、深层和频繁运动的糖尿病伤口，其中包含儿茶酚改性羧甲基纤维素（CMC-DA）和单宁酸。受益于可逆氢键，所得水凝胶具有可注射性、显着的自愈能力、快速的形状适应性和强的组织粘附力（45.9 kPa），从而有助于自适应不规则形状的伤口或移动关节部位。特别是，水凝胶在湿纸巾上的粘附强度仍然保持在14.9 kPa。此外，水凝胶可以通过冰冷却轻松地与皮肤分离，避免了更换敷料造成的二次损伤。值得注意的是，该水凝胶具有优异的抗氧化性、良好的生物相容性、高效的止血和抗菌性能。评价进一步表明，水凝胶通过调节糖尿病微环境具有显着的促进伤口愈合的作用，这归因于水凝胶可以显着减轻炎症反应、减轻氧化应激和调节新生血管形成。总体而言，这种生物安全的粘合水凝胶在糖尿病伤口管理方面具有巨大的潜力。