As one of the high pathogenic influenza viruses, H1N1 virus easily induces to serious diseases, even leading to death. To date, all detection methods for H1N1 virus had shortcomings, including high equipment cost, time consumption, and etc. Therefore, a novel detection method should be established to achieve more convenient, rapid, and low-cost detection. In this work, an isomer of HPBmN-I with aggregation-induced emission characteristic was firstly synthesized on the basis of our previous reported HPBpN-I. The results showed that HPBmN-I only selectively binds to N1 in the presence of H1, while HPBpN-I can exhibit total fluorescence response to H1 and N1 in H1/N1 mixture. The limited of detection (LOD) of HPBmN-I to N1 was estimated to be 20.82 ng/mL in normal saline (NS) according to the IUPAC-based approach. The simulation calculations based on molecular docking revealed that four HPBmN-I molecules combine well with the hydrophobic cavity of N1 and achieve the fluorescence enhancement due to size matching with each other. The combination of HPBpN-I and HPBmN-I as probes was successfully used to quantitatively detect H1 and N1 in real H1N1 virus. Compared to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, the established method not only showed the same detection accuracy but also had the advantages of real-time, ease of preparation, and low-cost, demonstrating potential market prospects.

中文翻译：

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基于尺寸匹配原理的两种六苯基丁二烯异构体差异检测H1N1病毒刺突蛋白

H1N1病毒作为高致病性流感病毒之一，极易诱发严重疾病，甚至导致死亡。目前，所有针对H1N1病毒的检测方法均存在设备成本高、耗时长等缺点。因此，需要建立一种新的检测方法，以实现更加方便、快速、低成本的检测。本工作在之前报道的HPBpN-I的基础上，首次合成了具有聚集诱导发光特性的HPBmN-I异构体。结果表明，HPBmN-I仅在H1存在的情况下选择性地与N1结合，而HPBpN-I可以在H1/N1混合物中对H1和N1表现出总荧光响应。根据基于 IUPAC 的方法，生理盐水 (NS) 中 HPBmN-I 至 N1 的检测限 (LOD) 估计为 20.82 ng/mL。基于分子对接的模拟计算表明，4个HPBmN-I分子与N1的疏水空腔结合良好，并因尺寸匹配而实现荧光增强。 HPBpN-I和HPBmN-I组合作为探针，成功地定量检测了真实H1N1病毒中的H1和N1。与酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法相比，所建立的方法不仅具有相同的检测精度，而且具有实时性、易于制备、成本低等优点，具有潜在的市场前景。