The exceptional mechanical properties, dimensional stability and low cost of production of textile composites have made them quite popular in recent years. In the present analysis, plain woven inter, intra and hybrid carbon and E-glass fibre reinforced composites incorporated with or without nano-coconut shell ash (CSA) as filler were manufactured by hand lay-up method. The mechanical and thermal properties were determined for the manufactured composites. Simultaneously, the fractographic study was conducted by scanning electron microscopy to predict the different kind of failures in composites. The mechanical properties of the composites were found to be significantly better when 2 wt.% of CSA was substituted in it. The inter-hybrid composite containing 2 wt.% nanofiller demonstrated the highest tensile strength of 245.96 MPa, flexural strength of 496.03 MPa and maximum degradation temperature with weight change of 81.08%. A combination of intra- and inter-hybrid woven composite revealed the highest impact resistance of 3.3 J. The pseudo-ductile performance of intra-hybrid composites is also distinctly observed, showing moderate tensile stress of 299.376 MPa and maximum elongation of 5.137 mm. The current scientific effort makes it clear that the greatest tensile strength was obtained by positioning carbon fibres inside and the glass fibres outside. The surface proximity and diffusion of nanofillers in the composites further enhanced their tensile properties. Shear dispersion also led to maximum energy absorption without the need for nanofiller in case of combination of intra- and inter-woven fibre composites.

中文翻译：

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生物纳米填料对碳和无碱玻璃纤维增​​强复合材料的影响

纺织复合材料卓越的机械性能、尺寸稳定性和低成本生产使其近年来非常受欢迎。在本分析中，采用手糊法制造了掺有或不含纳米椰壳灰（CSA）作为填料的平纹间、内和混合碳和无碱玻璃纤维增​​强复合材料。确定了制造的复合材料的机械和热性能。同时，通过扫描电子显微镜进行断口研究，以预测复合材料中不同类型的失效。研究发现，当复合材料中添加 2 wt.% CSA 时，其机械性能明显更好。含有2 wt.%纳米填料的互杂化复合材料表现出最高的拉伸强度为245.96 MPa，弯曲强度为496.03 MPa，最大降解温度随​​重量变化为81.08%。内部和间杂化编织复合材料的组合显示出最高的抗冲击强度，为 3.3 J。内部杂化复合材料的假延展性能也很明显，显示出 299.376 MPa 的中等拉伸应力和 5.137 mm 的最大伸长率。目前的科学努力清楚地表明，通过将碳纤维放置在内部、将玻璃纤维放置在外部来获得最大的拉伸强度。复合材料中纳米填料的表面接近和扩散进一步增强了其拉伸性能。在内部和交织纤维复合材料组合的情况下，剪切分散还导致最大的能量吸收，而不需要纳米填料。