Ocean warming will affect the functioning of coral reef ecosystems with unknown cascading effects. Any perturbation in the ability of sponges to recycle the dissolved organic matter released by primary producers and make it available to higher trophic levels, might have unknown consequences for the reef trophic chain. Biogeochemical processes were measured in the sponge Rhabdastrella globostellata from the semi‐enclosed lagoon of Bouraké, where temperatures reach 33.8°C and fluctuates by 6.5°C on a daily basis, and from a control reef (28°C). Using 13C‐ and 15N‐labeled coral mucus, we experimentally investigated to what extent high temperature affected the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) resources allocation in the sponge tissue and detritus. Sponges from Bouraké maintained at 32°C incorporated more 13C‐ and 15N‐labeled coral mucus in the tissue and showed less detritus release when compared with sponges maintained at 28°C. In contrast, at 32°C control sponges showed lower 13C‐ and 15N‐labeled coral mucus incorporation in tissue and higher release of detritus. Our results suggest that sponges adapted to extreme temperatures of Bouraké were able to reallocate C and N resources from cell turnover to somatic growth and reduce tissue damage. In contrast, non‐adapted sponges at the control reef lack this mechanism and underwent tissue disintegration, highlighting the lethal effect of future warming. The change in C and N allocation in adapted sponges suggests a potential adaptation mechanism that allows R. globostellata to survive under thermal stress, but it could alter the availability of essential sources of energy with unknown consequences on the future reef trophic interactions.

中文翻译：

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温适应海绵通过重新分配从细胞更新到体细胞生长的碳和氮资源来抵抗热应激

海洋变暖将影响珊瑚礁生态系统的功能，并产生未知的连锁效应。海绵回收初级生产者释放的溶解有机物并将其提供给更高营养水平的能力的任何干扰，都可能对珊瑚礁营养链产生未知的后果。在海绵中测量生物地球化学过程球星小杆藻来自 Bouraké 半封闭泻湖，那里的温度达到 33.8°C，每天波动 6.5°C，以及来自控制礁 (28°C)。使用13C-和15通过N标记的珊瑚粘液，我们通过实验研究了高温在多大程度上影响了海绵组织和碎屑中碳（C）和氮（N）资源的分配。来自 Bouraké 的海绵保持在 32°C，包含更多13C-和15与维持在 28°C 的海绵相比，组织中存在 N 标记的珊瑚粘液，并且碎屑释放较少。相比之下，在 32°C 时，对照海绵表现出较低的13C-和15N标记的珊瑚粘液融入组织并释放更多的碎屑。我们的结果表明，适应布拉凯极端温度的海绵能够重新分配从细胞更新到体细胞生长的碳和氮资源，并减少组织损伤。相比之下，控制礁上未适应的海绵缺乏这种机制，并经历了组织解体，凸显了未来变暖的致命影响。适应海绵中碳和氮分配的变化表明了一种潜在的适应机制，该机制允许球星杜鹃在热应激下生存，但它可能会改变基本能源的可用性，对未来的珊瑚礁营养相互作用产生未知的后果。