Objective The existence of catch-up lung function growth and its predictors is uncertain. We aimed to identify lung function trajectories and their predictors in a population-based birth cohort. Methods We applied group-based trajectory modelling to z-scores of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (zFEV1) and z-scores of forced vital capacity (zFVC) from 1151 children assessed at around 4, 7, 9, 10, 11, 14 and 18 years. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to test whether potential prenatal and postnatal predictors were associated with lung function trajectories. Results We identified four lung function trajectories: a low (19% and 19% of the sample for zFEV1 and zFVC, respectively), normal (62% and 63%), and high trajectory (16% and 13%) running in parallel, and a catch-up trajectory (2% and 5%) with catch-up occurring between 4 and 10 years. Fewer child allergic diseases and higher body mass index z-score (zBMI) at 4 years were associated with the high and normal compared with the low trajectories, both for zFEV1 and zFVC. Increased children’s physical activity during early childhood and higher zBMI at 4 years were associated with the catch-up compared with the low zFEV1 trajectory (relative risk ratios: 1.59 per physical activity category (1.03–2.46) and 1.47 per zBMI (0.97–2.23), respectively). No predictors were identified for zFVC catch-up growth. Conclusion We found three parallel-running and one catch-up zFEV1 and zFVC trajectories, and identified physical activity and body mass at 4 years as predictors of zFEV1 but not zFVC catch-up growth. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. Data are not publicly available but can be obtained from a third party after acceptance of a proposal by the INMA research committee.

中文翻译：

---

体力活动和体重与儿童期肺功能追赶性增长相关：一项基于人群的加速队列研究

目的 肺功能追赶性增长及其预测因素是否存在并不确定。我们的目的是在基于人群的出生队列中确定肺功能轨迹及其预测因素。方法 我们对 1151 名儿童的 1 秒用力呼气量 (zFEV1) z 分数 (zFEV1) 和用力肺活量 (zFVC) z 分数应用基于组的轨迹建模，这些儿童在 4、7、9、10、11、14 岁左右进行评估18岁。使用多项逻辑回归模型来测试潜在的产前和产后预测因素是否与肺功能轨迹相关。结果 我们确定了四种肺功能轨迹：并行运行的低轨迹（zFEV1 和 zFVC 分别占样本的 19% 和 19%）、正常轨迹（62% 和 63%）和高轨迹（16% 和 13%），以及追赶轨迹（2% 和 5%），追赶发生在 4 到 10 年之间。与 zFEV1 和 zFVC 的低轨迹相比，4 岁时儿童过敏性疾病较少和较高的体重指数 z 得分 (zBMI) 与较高和正常相关。与低 zFEV1 轨迹相比，儿童早期体力活动的增加和 4 岁时较高的 zBMI 与追赶相关（相对风险比：每个体力活动类别 1.59 (1.03–2.46) 和每个 zBMI 1.47 (0.97–2.23) ， 分别）。没有发现 zFVC 追赶性增长的预测因素。结论 我们发现了三个平行运行和一个追赶的 zFEV1 和 zFVC 轨迹，并确定 4 岁时的体力活动和体重是 zFEV1 的预测因子，但不是 zFVC 追赶增长的预测因子。数据可能从第三方获得，并且不公开。数据不公开，但可以在 INMA 研究委员会接受提案后从第三方获得。