The demand to develop protein production systems that are both economically and scientifically viable is reflected in the global scenario, where filamentous fungi, due to their interesting characteristics such as the high capacity to secrete proteins into the culture medium, growth in relatively simple substrates and robust post-translational machinery, among others, are presented as promising alternatives for the creation and establishment of these systems. Currently, these organisms produce a wide range of proteins, such as glycosidases, lipases, and proteases, for example. Scientific and technological development has increasingly allowed the evolution of molecular biology techniques that facilitate the genetic modification of organisms, thus, stimulating the establishment of new protein production systems. Amongst these techniques, it is possible to highlight the CRISPR/Cas system, a relatively simple, low-cost, and high-efficient tool for genetic modifications. Filamentous fungi, organisms widely used for protein production, have been used in a relatively low number of studies related to the production of (hemi-)cellulases using the CRISPR/Cas system as a genomic editing tool. (Hemi-)cellulases, enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of saccharides, are a class of enzymes that are highly researched and applied in several biotechnological areas in order to obtain a wide range of value-added bioproducts, such as bioethanol, for example. In this context, this review aims to illustrate the scenario of the application of the CRISPR/Cas technique for the production of (hemi-)cellulases, highlighting the main studies to date and the perspectives of a market that tends to grow exponentially in the coming years.

中文翻译：

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预示着指数级市场：丝状真菌中用于生产（半）纤维素酶的 CRISPR/Cas 系统的简介、应用和前景

全球情况反映了开发经济和科学上可行的蛋白质生产系统的需求，其中丝状真菌由于其有趣的特性，例如将蛋白质分泌到培养基中的高能力、在相对简单的基质中生长和稳健的特性翻译后机制等被认为是创建和建立这些系统的有希望的替代方案。目前，这些生物体产生多种蛋白质，例如糖苷酶、脂肪酶和蛋白酶。科学技术的发展日益促进了分子生物学技术的发展，促进了生物体的基因改造，从而刺激了新的蛋白质生产系统的建立。在这些技术中，值得关注的是CRISPR/Cas系统，它是一种相对简单、低成本、高效的基因修饰工具。丝状真菌是广泛用于蛋白质生产的生物体，已用于相对较少的与使用 CRISPR/Cas 系统作为基因组编辑工具生产（半）纤维素酶相关的研究。（半）纤维素酶是催化糖分解的酶，是一类在多个生物技术领域经过深入研究和应用的酶，以获得广泛的增值生物产品，例如生物乙醇。在此背景下，本综述旨在阐述 CRISPR/Cas 技术在（半）纤维素酶生产中的应用场景，重点介绍迄今为止的主要研究以及未来呈指数级增长的市场前景。年。