BackgroundDietary factors, including high sugar intake, may have adverse effects on male reproduction. Studies of the association between sugar‐sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and semen quality have reported inconsistent results.ObjectiveWe estimated the effects of SSB consumption on semen quality in a North American preconception cohort study.MethodsWe analyzed baseline data from 690 males (n = 1,247 samples) participating in Pregnancy Study Online (PRESTO) during 2015–2022. Participants aged ≥21 years completed a baseline questionnaire on which they reported information about intake of SSBs, including sodas, energy drinks, sports drinks, and fruit juices. After enrollment, we invited U.S. participants to a semen testing substudy, in which they collected and analyzed two samples using an at‐home semen testing kit. We used linear regression models to estimate adjusted percent differences (%D) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations of SSB intake with semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count (TSC), motility, and total motile sperm count (TMSC). We used modified Poisson regression models to estimate adjusted risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs for the association of SSB intake with World Health Organization semen parameter cut points.ResultsRelative to non‐consumers of SSBs, those who consumed ≥7 SSBs/week had lower semen volume (%D = −6, 95% CI: −13, 0), sperm concentration (%D = −22, 95% CI: −38, 0), TSC (%D = −22, 95% CI: −38, −2), motility (%D = −4, 95% CI: −10, 2), and TMSC (%D = −25, 95% CI: −43, −2). High SSB consumers also had greater risks of low sperm concentration (≤16 million/mL; RR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.11, 3.21), low TSC (≤39 million; RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 0.92, 3.33), low motility (≤42%; RR = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.75) and low TMSC (≤21 million; RR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.12, 3.38). Associations were stronger among participants with body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2.ConclusionGreater SSB consumption was associated with reduced semen quality in a North American preconception cohort.

中文翻译：

---

含糖饮料消费与精液质量的孕前队列研究

背景饮食因素，包括高糖摄入量，可能对男性生殖产生不利影响。关于含糖饮料 (SSB) 摄入量与精液质量之间关系的研究报告了不一致的结果。目的我们在一项北美孕前队列研究中估计了 SSB 摄入量对精液质量的影响。方法我们分析了 690 名男性（n= 1,247 个样本）在 2015 年至 2022 年期间参与在线妊娠研究 (PRESTO)。年龄≥21 岁的参与者完成了一份基线调查问卷，他们在调查问卷中报告了有关 SSB 摄入量的信息，包括苏打水、能量饮料、运动饮料和果汁。注册后，我们邀请美国参与者参加一项精液测试子研究，他们使用家用精液测试套件收集并分析了两个样本。我们使用线性回归模型来估计调整后的百分比差异 (%D）和 SSB 摄入量与精液量、精子浓度、精子总数 (TSC)、活力和活动精子总数 (TMSC) 之间关系的 95% 置信区间 (CI)。我们使用改进的泊松回归模型来估计 SSB 摄入量与世界卫生组织精液参数切点之间的关系的调整风险比 (RR) 和 95% CI。结果相对于非 SSB 消费者，那些每周摄入 ≥7 个 SSB 的人精液量减少（%D= −6, 95% CI: −13, 0), 精子浓度 (%D= −22, 95% CI: −38, 0), TSC (%D= −22, 95% CI: −38, −2), 活力 (%D= −4, 95% CI: −10, 2) 和 TMSC (%D= −25, 95% CI: −43, −2)。高SSB消费者还存在较大的精子浓度低（≤1600万/mL；RR = 1.89，95% CI：1.11，3.21）、低TSC（≤3900万；RR = 1.75，95% CI：0.92，3.33）的风险，低运动性（≤42%；RR = 1.23，95% CI：0.87，1.75）和低 TMSC（≤2100 万；RR = 1.95，95% CI：1.12，3.38）。体重指数 ≥ 25 kg/m 的参与者之间的关联性更强2结论 在北美孕前队列中，SSB 消耗量增加与精液质量下降相关。