Small-scale artisanal mining is a vital sector of the economy of Burkina Faso. This activity, correctly regulated, remains essential for the population despite security issues since 2015. Exploration of new areas for gold mining in this condition is difficult but essential to continue extractive activities. It is, therefore, important to define viable corridors, with science-based evidence for the good prospects, to support artisanal miners’ activities in a way that minimizes the environmental impact. We describe a remote sensing approach to study the structural control of expanding small-scale artisanal gold activity at the Bouda site and define future mining corridors. This remote sensing approach can also mitigate and remedy environmental impacts. The Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) is applied to Landsat images (7-ETM+, 5-TM, and 8-OLI, respectively, for 2000, 2011, and 2022) to detect extraction sites and perform a spatiotemporal analysis of the expansion of areas affected by gold extraction. The near-infrared and mid-infrared bands of Landsat images significantly contribute to detecting extraction areas. A morphological study of the site over time and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on Landsat 8-OLI enable us to perform a lineament analysis. The expansion of mining activity is structurally controlled, as revealed by the correlation between gold occurrences and high lineament densities, especially in the dominant NE-SW direction. These analyses suggest five potential prospecting corridors in the Bouda site.

中文翻译：

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遥感对布达地区（布基纳法索卡亚戈伦绿化带）小规模手工金矿扩张的结构控制

小规模手工采矿是布基纳法索经济的重要部门。尽管自 2015 年以来存在安全问题，但在正确监管下，这项活动对人们来说仍然至关重要。在这种情况下勘探新的金矿开采区域很困难，但对于继续采掘活动至关重要。因此，重要的是要确定可行的走廊，并以科学证据证明其良好前景，以尽量减少对环境影响的方式支持手工采矿者的活动。我们描述了一种遥感方法来研究布达遗址不断扩大的小规模手工黄金活动的结构控制，并确定未来的采矿走廊。这种遥感方法还可以减轻和补救环境影响。将最小噪声分数 (MNF) 应用于 Landsat 图像（分别为 2000 年、2011 年和 2022 年的 7-ETM+、5-TM 和 8-OLI），以检测提取地点并对区域扩展进行时空分析受金矿开采的影响。Landsat 图像的近红外和中红外波段对检测提取区域有显着贡献。通过对场地随时间变化的形态学研究以及 Landsat 8-OLI 上的主成分分析 (PCA)，我们能够执行线形分析。金矿产地与高线状密度之间的相关性揭示了采矿活动的扩张受到结构性控制，特别是在主要的东北-西南方向。这些分析表明布达遗址有五个潜在的勘探走廊。