Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins can be impregnated and cured in situ to improve the woods dimensional stability and decay resistance. In search of renewable alternatives, the substitution of phenol by lignin cleavage products (LCP) has been discussed. However, the different chemical nature may affect the performance of the resin against fungal decay, formaldehyde emission, and equilibrium moisture content. In this study, 30 % (w/w) of the phenol in PF resins were substituted by LCP obtained from microwave-assisted pyrolysis. Scots pine sapwood was modified with the resin. The decay resistance against Rhodonia placenta, Gloeophyllum trabeum, and Trametes versicolor was determined. Additionally, effects of specimen organisation within the Petri dish, different substrates, length of leaching, and type of inoculum were studied. Further, the materials water vapor sorption properties and formaldehyde emission were determined. All modifications effectively reduced fungal decay. With 10 % weight percent gain (WPG), initial decay was detected, while 20 % WPG and 30 % WPG provided efficient protection. The substitution of phenol increases the formaldehyde emission. While further reduction in formaldehyde in the resin admixture or formaldehyde scavengers may be required, the method described herein can be used to partly replace fossil-based phenol, while maintaining good fungal resistance.

中文翻译：

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木质素热解产物替代苯酚的酚醛树脂改性樟子松边材的抗真菌腐烂性

酚醛（PF）树脂可以浸渍和固化就地提高木材的尺寸稳定性和耐腐性。在寻找可再生替代品时，人们讨论了用木质素裂解产物（LCP）替代苯酚。然而，不同的化学性质可能会影响树脂的抗真菌腐烂、甲醛释放和平衡水分含量的性能。在本研究中，PF 树脂中 30% (w/w) 的苯酚被微波辅助热解获得的 LCP 取代。用该树脂对欧洲赤松边材进行了改性。抗腐烂性Rhodonia 胎盘、Gloeophyllum trabeum， 和花斑栓菌已确定。此外，还研究了培养皿内样本组织、不同基质、浸出长度和接种物类型的影响。此外，还测定了材料的水蒸气吸附性能和甲醛释放量。所有修改都有效减少了真菌腐烂。重量百分比增加 (WPG) 为 10% 时，检测到了初始衰减，而 20% WPG 和 30% WPG 则提供了有效的保护。苯酚的替代增加了甲醛释放量。虽然可能需要进一步减少树脂混合物或甲醛清除剂中的甲醛，但本文描述的方法可用于部分替代化石基苯酚，同时保持良好的抗真菌性。