Abstract—Production of extracellular membrane vesicles plays an important role in communication in bacterial populations and in bacteria–host interactions. Vesicles as carriers of various regulatory and signaling molecules may be potentially used as disease biomarkers and promising therapeutic agents, including vaccine preparations. The composition of membrane vesicles has been deciphered for a limited number of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In this work, for the first time, extracellular membrane vesicles of a streptomycin-resistant strain Bacillus pumilus 3-19, a producer of extracellular guanyl-preferring ribonuclease binase, are isolated, visualized, and characterized by their genome and proteome composition. It has been established that there is no genetic material in the vesicles and the spectrum of the proteins differs depending on the phosphate content in the culture medium of the strain. Vesicles from a phosphate-deficient medium carry 49 unique proteins in comparison with 101 from a medium with the high phosphate content. The two types of vesicles had 140 mutual proteins. Flagellar proteins, RNase J, which is the main enzyme of RNA degradosomes, phosphatases, peptidases, iron transporters, signal peptides, were identified in vesicles. Antibiotic resistance proteins and amyloid-like proteins whose genes are present in B. pumilus 3-19 cells are absent. Phosphate deficiency-induced binase was found only in vesicles from a phosphate-deficient medium.

摘要：细胞外膜囊泡的产生在细菌群体的通讯以及细菌与宿主的相互作用中发挥着重要作用。囊泡作为各种调节和信号分子的载体，有可能用作疾病生物标志物和有前途的治疗剂，包括疫苗制剂。有限数量的革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性细菌的膜囊泡的组成已被破译。在这项工作中，首次分离、可视化了链霉素抗性菌株短小芽孢杆菌3-19 的细胞外膜囊泡，该菌株是细胞外鸟苷酸偏好核糖核酸酶的生产者，并对其基因组和蛋白质组组成进行了表征。已经确定囊泡中不存在遗传物质，并且蛋白质谱根据菌株培养基中的磷酸盐含量而不同。来自缺乏磷酸盐的培养基的囊泡携带 49 种独特的蛋白质，而来自高磷酸盐含量的培养基的囊泡则携带 101 种独特的蛋白质。这两种类型的囊泡具有 140 种共同蛋白。在囊泡中鉴定出鞭毛蛋白、RNase J（RNA 降解体的主要酶）、磷酸酶、肽酶、铁转运蛋白、信号肽。B. pumilus 3-19 细胞中不存在其基因存在的抗生素抗性蛋白和类淀粉样蛋白。磷酸盐缺乏诱导的双酶仅在磷酸盐缺乏培养基的囊泡中发现。