Gene editing can produce irreversible permanent changes to the genetic material at predetermined sequences, avoiding random integration, which is the major drawback of classical gene therapy. The technology has invaded all approaches of genetic engineering and biotechnology with versatile applications in agriculture, industry, and medicine. The present review displays the different approaches and mechanisms of gene editing. Special emphasis has been given to the technology therapeutic applications where all registered clinical trials have been addressed. The Islamic ethical concerns of gene editing have also been highlighted. The great advantages of gene editing technology, coupled with the splendid efforts of scientists to develop systems with superior efficacy and safety would provide an effective avenue for treating a wide range of human diseases in the near future.

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治疗遗传性和后天性疾病的基因编辑技术及相关临床试验：系统评价

基因编辑可以在预定序列上对遗传物质产生不可逆的永久性改变，避免随机整合，这是经典基因治疗的主要缺点。该技术已经渗透到基因工程和生物技术的所有方法，在农业、工业和医学领域具有广泛的应用。本综述展示了基因编辑的不同方法和机制。特别强调了技术治疗应用，所有注册的临床试验都已得到解决。基因编辑的伊斯兰伦理问题也得到了强调。基因编辑技术的巨大优势，加上科学家为开发具有卓越功效和安全性的系统所做的巨大努力，将为在不久的将来治疗多种人类疾病提供有效途径。