This paper brings to light the factors that played major role in explaining the trend of the economic growth of a number of oil-exporting countries during the pandemic period, specifically, during the years 2020–2021 and 2022. The results show that the institutional factors, adaptive restrictions as well as the degree of trade openness and the size of government fiscal intervention were major determinants of the trend of the GDP of the countries in question. Based on the findings, the paper recommends some policy measures and highlights important future challenges that test efforts of globalization.

中文翻译：

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解释 COVID-19 期间石油出口国的 GDP 趋势：治理、适应性严格性和财政政策的作用

本文揭示了在疫情期间，特别是2020-2021年和2022年期间，对解释一些石油出口国经济增长趋势起主要作用的因素。结果表明，制度因素、适应性限制以及贸易开放程度和政府财政干预规模是相关国家GDP走势的主要决定因素。根据调查结果，本文提出了一些政策措施建议，并强调了考验全球化努力的未来重要挑战。