The diversity of melliferous flora is significant for sustaining healthy apiaries and apicultural research for the production of high-quality and quantity honey. This study aims to explore the richness and variety of melliferous plant species within apiaries, focusing on their role in honey yield and subsequently employing advanced microscopy techniques for their microscopic authentication. The study aimed to investigate the palyno-morphological features of selected bee floral species of the study area in the autumn and spring seasons. The pollen slides were prepared using the acetolysis method. Both qualitative and quantitative data of pollen grains were examined by LM and SEM. The four different types of ornamentation (scabrate, echinate, psilate, and reticulate) were observed in the morphological features of pollen. The maximum number of melliferous species was observed in the Fabaceae family (11 species) and the Asteraceae family (10 species). The LM and SEM techniques were recorded as the best tools to study the features of correct taxonomic identification and explore the valuable potential of melliferous flora and apiary resources for beekeepers. This finding contributes to a deeper understanding of a bee floral source of honey, ensuring its authenticity, purity, and nutritional value as well as ecological interaction between honeybee population and bee-floral diversity. Additionally, the finding highlights the significance of conserving and preserving melliferous flora for sustainable development of the apiculture industry, emphasizing the role of bee apiaries as essential resources for the bee population. The palynological features will help identify melliferous plants' potential in taxonomy, honey botanical, geographical origin, and pure honey availability in the local and international markets. This study provides knowledge about the species identifications, botanical and geographical origin of floral sources, and honeybees along with honey.

中文翻译：

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蜂蜜中的蜜质植物群（养蜂场）的多样性以及使用 LM 和 SEM 技术的显微鉴定

蜜质植物群的多样性对于维持健康的养蜂场和生产高质量和大量蜂蜜的养蜂研究具有重要意义。本研究旨在探索养蜂场内甜蜜植物物种的丰富性和多样性，重点关注它们在蜂蜜产量中的作用，并随后采用先进的显微镜技术对其进行微观鉴定。本研究旨在调查研究区选定的蜜蜂花种在秋季和春季的孢粉形态特征。使用丙酮分解方法制备花粉载玻片。通过LM和SEM检查花粉粒的定性和定量数据。在花粉的形态特征中观察到四种不同类型的纹饰（糙纹、刺纹、菱形和网纹）。观察到的甜质物种数量最多的是豆科（11 种）和菊科（10 种）。LM和SEM技术被认为是研究正确分类识别特征和探索蜜蜂植物区系和蜂房资源对养蜂人的宝贵潜力的最佳工具。这一发现有助于更深入地了解蜂蜜的蜂花来源，确保其真实性、纯度和营养价值，以及蜜蜂种群和蜂花多样性之间的生态相互作用。此外，这一发现还强调了保护和保存芳香植物区系对于养蜂业可持续发展的重要性，强调了蜜蜂养蜂场作为蜜蜂种群重要资源的作用。孢粉学特征将有助于确定芳香植物在分类学、蜂蜜植物学、地理起源以及当地和国际市场上纯蜂蜜供应方面的潜力。这项研究提供了有关物种鉴定、花卉来源、蜜蜂和蜂蜜的植物学和地理起源的知识。