The development of static hydrogels as an optimal choice for bone tissue engineering (BTE) remains a difficult challenge primarily due to the intricate nature of bone healing processes, continuous physiological functions, and pathological changes. Hence, there is an urgent need to exploit smart hydrogels with programmable properties that can effectively enhance bone regeneration. Increasing evidence suggests that photoresponsive hydrogels are promising bioscaffolds for BTE due to their advantages such as controlled drug release, cell fate modulation, and the photothermal effect. Here, we review the current advances in photoresponsive hydrogels. The mechanism of photoresponsiveness and its advanced applications in bone repair are also elucidated. Future research would focus on the development of more efficient, safer, and smarter photoresponsive hydrogels for BTE. This review is aimed at offering comprehensive guidance on the trends of photoresponsive hydrogels and shedding light on their potential clinical application in BTE.

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光响应水凝胶在骨组织工程中的研究进展和趋势

开发静态水凝胶作为骨组织工程（BTE）的最佳选择仍然是一个艰巨的挑战，主要是由于骨愈合过程、连续生理功能和病理变化的复杂性。因此，迫切需要开发具有可编程特性的智能水凝胶，可以有效增强骨再生。越来越多的证据表明，光响应水凝胶因其控制药物释放、细胞命运调节和光热效应等优点而成为 BTE 有前景的生物支架。在这里，我们回顾了光响应水凝胶的当前进展。还阐明了光响应性的机制及其在骨修复中的高级应用。未来的研究将集中于开发更高效、更安全、更智能的 BTE 光响应水凝胶。本综述旨在为光响应水凝胶的发展趋势提供全面的指导，并揭示其在 BTE 中的潜在临床应用。