Cellulose, the most abundant polymer on Earth, has been widely utilized in its nanoform due to its excellent properties, finding applications across various scientific fields. As the demand for nanocellulose continues to rise and its ease of use becomes apparent, there has been a significant increase in research publications centered on this biomaterial. Nanocellulose, in its different forms, has shown tremendous promise as a tissue engineered scaffold for regeneration and repair. Particularly, nanocellulose-based composites and scaffolds have emerged as highly demanding materials for both soft and hard tissue engineering. Medical practitioners have traditionally relied on collagen and its analogue, gelatin, for treating tissue damage. However, the limited mechanical strength of these biopolymers restricts their direct use in various applications. This issue can be overcome by making hybrids of these biopolymers with nanocellulose. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the recent and most relevant publications focusing on hybrid composites of collagen and gelatin with a specific emphasis on their combination with nanocellulose. While bone and skin tissue engineering represents two areas where a majority of researchers are concentrating their efforts, this review highlights the use of nanocellulose-based hybrids in these contexts.

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用于皮肤和骨组织工程的纳米纤维素混合支架：十年概述

纤维素是地球上最丰富的聚合物，由于其优异的性能，以其纳米形式被广泛使用，在各个科学领域都有应用。随着对纳米纤维素的需求持续增长以及其易用性变得明显，以这种生物材料为中心的研究出版物显着增加。不同形式的纳米纤维素作为用于再生和修复的组织工程支架已显示出巨大的前景。特别是，基于纳米纤维素的复合材料和支架已成为软组织工程和硬组织工程要求很高的材料。传统上，医生依靠胶原蛋白及其类似物明胶来治疗组织损伤。然而，这些生物聚合物有限的机械强度限制了它们在各种应用中的直接使用。这个问题可以通过将这些生物聚合物与纳米纤维素混合来解决。这篇综述对最近和最相关的出版物进行了全面分析，重点关注胶原蛋白和明胶的混合复合材料，特别强调它们与纳米纤维素的组合。虽然骨骼和皮肤组织工程代表了大多数研究人员集中精力的两个领域，但这篇综述强调了基于纳米纤维素的混合物在这些背景下的使用。