Interferometry offers a precise means of interrogating resonances in dielectric and plasmonic metasurfaces, surpassing spectrometer-imposed resolution limits. However, interferometry implementations often face complexity or instability issues due to heightened sensitivity. Here, we address the necessity for noise compensation and tolerance by harnessing the inherent capabilities of photonic resonances. Our proposed solution, termed “resonant phase noise matching,” employs optical referencing to align the phases of equally sensitive, orthogonal components of the same mode. This effectively mitigates drift and noise, facilitating the detection of subtle phase changes induced by a target analyte through spatially selective surface functionalization. Validation of this strategy using Fano resonances in a 2D photonic crystal slab showcases noteworthy phase stability (σ<10−4π$\sigma \lt {{10}^{- 4}}\;\pi$). With demonstrated label-free detection of low-molecular-weight proteins at clinically relevant concentrations, resonant phase noise matching presents itself as a potentially valuable strategy for advancing scalable, high-performance sensing technology beyond traditional laboratory settings.

中文翻译：

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谐振超表面中的相位噪声匹配可实现固有传感稳定性

干涉测量提供了一种精确的方法来询问介电和等离子体超表面中的共振，超越了光谱仪施加的分辨率限制。然而，由于灵敏度提高，干涉测量的实施常常面临复杂性或不稳定问题。在这里，我们通过利用光子共振的固有能力来解决噪声补偿和容限的必要性。我们提出的解决方案称为“谐振相位噪声匹配”，它采用光学参考来对齐相同模式的同等敏感、正交分量的相位。这有效地减轻了漂移和噪声，有助于通过空间选择性表面功能化检测目标分析物引起的细微相变。在 2D 光子晶体板中使用 Fano 共振验证该策略，展示了值得注意的相位稳定性 ( σ < 10 − 4π$\sigma \lt {{10}^{- 4}}\;\pi$）。通过在临床相关浓度下对低分子量蛋白质进行无标记检测，共振相位噪声匹配成为一种潜在有价值的策略，可将可扩展的高性能传感技术超越传统实验室设置。