Psychological reactance is a key construct in persuasion, but experimental inductions often confound imperative language with epistemically certain language (i.e., language that belies grounds for doubt). Two online experiments examine the effects of each language type on indicators of psychological reactance across two scientific contexts. In Study 1 ( N = 274), imperative language increased felt anger and perceived threat to freedom, while epistemically certain language did not. In Study 2 ( N = 402), epistemically uncertain language attenuated felt anger and perceived threat to freedom. Findings offer theoretical and practical insight into the effects of each language type on resistance to persuasion.

中文翻译：

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扭转心理反应的天平：仔细观察命令式语言和认知确定性的作用

心理抗拒是说服中的一个关键概念，但实验归纳常常将命令式语言与认知上确定的语言（即掩盖怀疑理由的语言）混为一谈。两项在线实验研究了两种科学背景下每种语言类型对心理反​​应指标的影响。在研究 1（N = 274）中，命令式语言增加了愤怒感和对自由的感知威胁，而认知上的某些语言则没有。在研究 2（N = 402）中，认知上不确定的语言减弱了愤怒感和对自由的威胁。研究结果提供了关于每种语言类型对说服阻力的影响的理论和实践见解。