While the response of Arabidopsis thaliana to drought, herbivory or fungal infection has been well‐examined, the consequences of exposure to a series of such (a)biotic stresses are not well studied. This work reports on the genetic mechanisms underlying the Arabidopsis response to single osmotic stress, and to combinatorial stress, either fungal infection using Botrytis cinerea or herbivory using Pieris rapae caterpillars followed by an osmotic stress treatment. Several small‐effect genetic loci associated with rosette dry weight (DW), rosette water content (WC), and the projected rosette leaf area in response to combinatorial stress were mapped using univariate and multi‐environment genome‐wide association approaches. A single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with DROUGHT‐INDUCED 19 (DI19) was identified by both approaches, supporting its potential involvement in the response to combinatorial stress. Several SNPs were found to be in linkage disequilibrium with known stress‐responsive genes such as PEROXIDASE 34 (PRX34), BASIC LEUCINE ZIPPER 25 (bZIP25), RESISTANCE METHYLATED GENE 1 (RMG1) and WHITE RUST RESISTANCE 4 (WRR4). An antagonistic effect between biotic and osmotic stress was found for prx34 and arf4 mutants, which suggests PRX34 and ARF4 play an important role in the response to the combinatorial stress.

中文翻译：

---

全基因组关联分析揭示了控制生物和渗透胁迫对拟南芥生长的拮抗作用的基因

虽然响应拟南芥干旱、食草或真菌感染已经得到充分研究，但暴露于一系列此类生物胁迫的后果尚未得到充分研究。这项工作报告了潜在的遗传机制拟南芥对单一渗透应激和组合应激的反应，无论是使用真菌感染灰葡萄孢或草食性使用菜青虫毛毛虫，然后进行渗透应激处理。使用单变量和多环境全基因组关联方法绘制了与莲座干重（DW）、莲座含水量（WC）和响应组合胁迫的预计莲座叶面积相关的几个小效应遗传位点。与以下因素相关的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）干旱引起的 19（DI19）通过两种方法都被确定，支持其潜在参与组合压力的响应。发现几个 SNP 与已知的应激反应基因存在连锁不平衡，例如过氧化物酶34（PRX34),碱性亮氨酸拉链 25（bZIP25),抗性甲基化基因1（RMG1） 和耐白锈4级（WRR4）。发现生物胁迫和渗透胁迫之间存在拮抗作用prx34和arf4突变体，这表明PRX34和ARF4在应对组合应激中发挥重要作用。