Abstract

Here, a new method of preparing a polycrystalline mixture with a large volume of stable composition from binary solid solutions is presented. For this purpose, several holes of small diameter (0.5–1 mm) are opened at the bottom of the quartz pot prepared for melting the alloy. The upper end of the mold made of quartz, according to the geometrical structure of the mixture, is connected to the bottom of the puta in such a way that the holes in the puta remain inside it and both volumes are hermetically connected. Such a “puta-mould” system is fixed in the device in such a way that the template (mould) of the mixture is in a vertical position. Appropriate masses of the components of the solid solution are placed in a crucible and melted under high vacuum conditions. After the molten liquid becomes homogeneous, inert gas with a pressure of 0.5–0.8 atm is injected into the working volume. Due to the pressure force exerted by the gas on the surface of the liquid, it rushes through the holes and fills the mold, where it crystallizes at a high speed. The mold is placed inside a thick-walled, heat-conducting cylinder connected to a running water-cooled body of the lower end unit. This ensures that crystallization occurs at a high speed. Thus, the composition has the same value throughout the prepared mixture. Using the method, an alloy containing 10 at % Si was prepared from the Ge–Si solid solution system. Calculation of the density of samples taken from different parts of the mixture confirmed that the composition was the same throughout the mixture.

中文翻译：

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大体积、成分稳定的二元固溶体多晶混合物的制备

摘要

在这里，提出了一种从二元固溶体制备具有大量稳定成分的多晶混合物的新方法。为此，在准备熔化合金的石英锅底部开几个小直径（0.5-1毫米）的孔。根据混合物的几何结构，由石英制成的模具的上端连接到puta的底部，使得puta中的孔保留在模具内部，并且两个体积密封地连接。这种“puta-mold”系统以混合物的模板（模具）处于垂直位置的方式固定在设备中。将适量的固溶体组分放入坩埚中并在高真空条件下熔化。当熔融液体变得均质后，将压力为0.5-0.8 atm的惰性气体注入工作体积中。由于气体对液体表面施加的压力，它冲过孔并充满模具，并在那里高速结晶。模具放置在厚壁导热圆筒内，该圆筒连接到下端单元的流水冷却体。这确保了结晶高速发生。因此，整个制备的混合物的组成具有相同的值。利用该方法，由 Ge-Si 固溶体体系制备了含 10 at% Si 的合金。对取自混合物不同部分的样品的密度进行计算证实，整个混合物的组成是相同的。