Many bacteriophages (phages) interact with flagella and rely on bacterial motility for successful infection of their hosts. Yet, limited information is available on how phages have evolved to recognize and bind both flagella and subsequent surface receptors for phage DNA injection. Here, we present an update on the current knowledge of flagellotropic phages using a few well-studied phages as examples to unravel the molecular details of bacterial host recognition. We discuss the recent advances in the role of globular exposed flagellin domains and flagella glycosylation in phage binding to the flagella. In addition, we present diverse types of surface receptors and phage components responsible for the interaction with the host. Finally, we point to questions remaining to be answered and new approaches to study this unique group of phages.

中文翻译：

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嗜鞭毛噬菌体：常见但多样的宿主相互作用策略

许多噬菌体（噬菌体）与鞭毛相互作用，并依靠细菌运动来成功感染宿主。然而，关于噬菌体如何进化以识别和结合鞭毛以及随后用于噬菌体 DNA 注射的表面受体的信息有限。在这里，我们使用一些经过充分研究的噬菌体作为示例，介绍了当前关于鞭毛噬菌体知识的最新知识，以揭示细菌宿主识别的分子细节。我们讨论了球状暴露鞭毛蛋白结构域和鞭毛糖基化在噬菌体与鞭毛结合中的作用的最新进展。此外，我们还展示了负责与宿主相互作用的不同类型的表面受体和噬菌体成分。最后，我们指出了尚待解答的问题以及研究这一独特噬菌体群的新方法。