Using a combination of 20-year (1999–2018) remotely-sensed air-sea heat flux products and altimeter-based eddy atlas, we investigate the signature of mesoscale eddies on sea surface temperature (SST) and air-sea turbulent latent and sensible fluxes, or simply, turbulent heat fluxes (THFs), in the North Indian Ocean. On average, eddy-induced THF feedback can approach ∼40 W m⁻² k⁻¹ for warm-core anticyclones (AEs) and ∼28 W m⁻² k⁻¹ for cold-core cyclones (CEs) at their extreme values. In addition to these conventional SSH-SST coherent eddies and their imprints as monopoles in heat fluxes, a comparable proportion of SSH-SST incoherent eddies (cold-AEs and warm-CEs) are surprisingly active in this region, which offset the monopolar paradigm of coherent eddy-induced THF anomalies or develop a dipole structure when combined with these conventional eddies. In terms of seasonality, the aggregation of SSH-SST coherent and incoherent eddies in the Arabian Sea develops concentrated monopoles within eddy contours in both summer and winter, with a damped THF located farther away from the eddy core in winter. In the Bay of Bengal, a strong compensation between SSH-SST coherent and incoherent eddies is observed in summer that leads to null net fluxes, while the winter-time THF composite of these two eddy types displays a dipolar structure which was described as eddy-stirring effect in the literature.

中文翻译：

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北印度洋海气热通量的中尺度涡旋特征

结合20年（1999-2018）遥感海气热通量产品和基于高度计的涡流图集，我们研究了中尺度涡流对海面温度（SST）和海气湍流潜在和感热的特征北印度洋的热通量，或者简称为湍流热通量（THF）。平均而言，涡流引起的 THF 反馈在其极值下，对于热核反气旋（AE）可以达到约 40 W m ^-2  k ^{-1 ，对于冷核气旋（CE）可以达到约 28 W m -2}  k ^{-1 。}除了这些传统的 SSH-SST 相干涡流及其在热通量中作为单极子的印记之外，相当比例的 SSH-SST 非相干涡流（冷 AE 和暖 CE）在该区域中令人惊讶地活跃，这抵消了单极范例相干涡流引起的 THF 异常或与这些传统涡流结合时形成偶极结构。就季节性而言，阿拉伯海的SSH-SST相干涡流和非相干涡流的聚集在夏季和冬季在涡流轮廓内形成集中的单极子，冬季阻尼THF位于远离涡核的位置。在孟加拉湾，夏季观察到 SSH-SST 相干涡流和非相干涡流之间的强烈补偿，导致净通量为零，而冬季这两种涡流类型的 THF 复合显示出偶极结构，被描述为涡流-文学中的震撼效应。