We took a multilevel developmental contextual approach and characterized trajectories of alcohol misuse from adolescence through early midlife, examined genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in those trajectories, and identified adolescent and young adult factors associated with change in alcohol misuse. Data were from two longitudinal population-based studies. FinnTwin16 is a study of Finnish twins assessed at 16, 17, 18, 25, and 35 years (N = 5659; 52% female; 32% monozygotic). The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) is a study of adolescents from the United States, who were assessed at five time points from 1994 to 2018 (N = 18026; 50% female; 64% White, 21% Black, 4% Native American, 7% Asian, 9% Other race/ethnicity). Alcohol misuse was measured as frequency of intoxication in FinnTwin16 and frequency of binge drinking in Add Health. In both samples, trajectories of alcohol misuse were best described by a quadratic growth curve: Alcohol misuse increased across adolescence, peaked in young adulthood, and declined into early midlife. Individual differences in these trajectories were primarily explained by environmental factors. Several adolescent and young adult correlates were related to the course of alcohol misuse, including other substance use, physical and mental health, and parenthood.

中文翻译：

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从青春期到中年早期酒精滥用轨迹的模式和预测因素

我们采用多层次的发展情境方法，描述了从青春期到中年早期的酒精滥用轨迹，研究了遗传和环境对这些轨迹中个体差异的影响，并确定了与酒精滥用变化相关的青少年和年轻人因素。数据来自两项基于人群的纵向研究。FinnTwin16 是一项针对 16、17、18、25 和 35 岁时评估的芬兰双胞胎的研究（氮= 5659；52% 女性；32% 同卵）。国家青少年至成人健康纵向研究（Add Health）是一项针对美国青少年的研究，在 1994 年至 2018 年的五个时间点进行了评估（氮= 18026；50% 女性；64% 白人、21% 黑人、4% 美洲原住民、7% 亚洲人、9% 其他种族/民族）。FinnTwin16 中的酒精滥用频率和 Add Health 中的酗酒频率被测量为醉酒频率。在这两个样本中，酒精滥用的轨迹最好用二次增长曲线来描述：酒精滥用在整个青春期增加，在成年早期达到顶峰，并在中年早期下降。这些轨迹的个体差异主要是由环境因素解释的。一些青少年和年轻人的相关因素与酗酒的过程有关，包括其他药物的使用、身心健康以及为人父母。