Abstract

Using electrospark alloying, Cr–Fe–Al₂O₃ coatings are obtained on steel 35 in a mixture of steel granules with chromium and aluminum oxide powders. The structure of the coatings is studied using X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray spectral microanalysis. The heat resistance of the coatings was studied for 100 h at a temperature of 700°C in air. The study of the mechanical properties of the coatings includes testing for microhardness under a load of 0.5 N and wear in the dry friction mode under a load of 25 N. According to X-ray diffraction analysis, the coating composition is dominated by ferrochrome and a small amount of aluminum oxide. According to EDS analysis, the element distribution in the coating is uniform throughout the coating thickness with a chromium concentration of about 60 at %, iron, 30 at %, and aluminum, 3.4 at %. The results indicate a uniform distribution of fine particles of aluminum oxide in the volume of the deposited layer. It has been shown that the metal powder participates four times more actively in the formation of the coating compared to the granules. The heat resistance test shows that with addition of Cr–Fe–Al₂O₃ powder in the anode mixture, the average rate of high-temperature weight gain of the samples increases. In general, the use of Cr–Fe–Al₂O₃ coatings increases the heat resistance of steel 35 from 2.4 to 4 times. The average values of the friction coefficient of coatings range from 0.76 to 0.83, with a minimum for the sample deposited using a minimal addition of Al₂O₃. The wear of the samples decreases monotonically from 3.3 × 10^–6 to 1.8 × 10^–6 mm³/(N m) with a decrease in the concentration of aluminum oxide in the anode mixture. In general, the application of Cr–Fe–Al₂O₃ coatings using the proposed method makes it possible to increase the wear resistance of the steel 35 surface from 11 to 20 times.

中文翻译：

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使用氧化铝粉末在 35 钢上沉积耐磨 Cr-Fe-Al2O3 涂层

摘要

使用电火花合金化，在钢颗粒与铬和氧化铝粉末的混合物中的 35 号钢上获得Cr-Fe-Al ₂ O _3涂层。使用 X 射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜和 X 射线光谱微分析研究了涂层的结构。在空气中700℃的温度下研究涂层的耐热性100小时。涂层力学性能的研究包括0.5 N载荷下的显微硬度测试和25 N载荷下干摩擦模式下的磨损测试。根据X射线衍射分析，涂层成分以铬铁矿和铬铁矿为主。少量的氧化铝。根据EDS分析，涂层中的元素分布在整个涂层厚度上是均匀的，其中铬浓度约为60at%，铁为30at%，铝为3.4at%。结果表明，氧化铝细颗粒在沉积层的体积中均匀分布。研究表明，与颗粒相比，金属粉末在涂层形成过程中的参与活性是颗粒的四倍。耐热性测试表明，随着阳极混合物中Cr-Fe-Al ₂ O ₃粉末的添加，样品的平均高温增重率增加。一般来说，Cr-Fe-Al ₂ O ₃涂层的使用使35钢的耐热性从2.4倍提高到4倍。涂层摩擦系数的平均值范围为 0.76 至 0.83，其中使用最少添加 Al ₂ O ₃沉积的样品具有最小值。随着阳极混合物中氧化铝浓度的降低，样品的磨损从3.3 × 10 ^–6单调降低至1.8 × 10 ^–6 mm ^{3 /(N m)。}总的来说，采用所提出的方法应用Cr-Fe-Al ₂ O ₃涂层可以将35钢表面的耐磨性提高11至20倍。