Forest fires are a primary driver of biogeochemical processes in ecosystems and affect the soil nutrient balance by altering the distribution of organic matter and associated nutrients as well as the composition and availability of elemental nutrients. We investigated the changes in soils’ phosphorus (P) fractions and the adsorption characteristics of potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (orthoP) and myo‐inositol hexakisphosphate (IHP) at two depths (0–5 and 5–10 cm) in soils from two sites differing in fire severity: long‐unburned and heavily burned. Five years after the fire, there were increases in the total P and extractable inorganic P (H2O‐P, NaHCO3‐Pi, NaOH‐Pi, D.HCl‐Pi and C.HCl‐Pi) contents. Conversely, there was a decrease in organic P (NaHCO3‐Po, NaOH‐Po and C.HCl‐Po). The adsorption of soil for orthoP at a depth of 0–5 cm was dependent on the amount of P supplied by the soil; at low concentrations, heavily burned soil showed a lower adsorption than long‐unburned soil. However, at high concentrations, the adsorption of heavily burned soil was significantly larger than that of long‐unburned soil. With respect to IHP, the adsorption of long‐unburned soil was also more significant at depths of 0–5 cm. The adsorption of both orthoP and IHP of heavily burned soil was significantly higher than that of long‐unburned soil at a depth of 5–10 cm. Fire also decreased the binding degree (k1) of soil‐P and the solid phase at depths of 0–5 and 5–10 cm. The increase in P adsorption capacity outweighed the addition of P from ash, resulting in less leaching in heavily burned areas and minimizing P loss. Overall, forest fires significantly affect the adsorption characteristics and P fractions of soil, specifically orthoP and IHP, during the initial stage of postfire recovery. These effects are closely related to the direct influences of iron oxide, soil organic matter and aluminium oxide in the soil and may even produce relatively long‐term effects on the P recycling process of the entire ecosystem.

中文翻译：

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严重野火5年后对冷温带针叶林土壤磷组分和吸附的影响

森林火灾是生态系统中生物地球化学过程的主要驱动因素，并通过改变有机物和相关养分的分布以及元素养分的组成和可用性来影响土壤养分平衡。我们研究了土壤磷（P）组分的变化以及正磷酸二氢钾（orthoP）和妙‐肌醇六磷酸 (IHP) 在两个不同火灾严重程度的地点的土壤中的两个深度（0-5 和 5-10 厘米）：长期未燃烧和严重燃烧。火灾五年后，总磷和可萃取无机磷（H2O-P、NaHCO33-Pi、NaOH-Pi、D.HCl-Pi 和 C.HCl-Pi) 含量。相反，有机磷（NaHCO3-Po、NaOH-Po 和 C.HCl-Po)。0-5 cm 深度土壤对正磷的吸附量取决于土壤提供的磷量；在低浓度下，严重烧毁的土壤比长期未烧毁的土壤表现出更低的吸附性。然而，在高浓度下，重度烧毁土壤的吸附明显大于长期未烧毁的土壤。就 IHP 而言，长期未燃烧的土壤的吸附在 0-5 cm 深度也更显着。在5~10 cm深度处，重度烧毁土壤对orthoP和IHP的吸附均显着高于长期未烧毁土壤。火也降低了结合度（k1）的土壤-P和固相在0-5和5-10厘米深度。磷吸附能力的增加超过了灰烬中磷的添加，从而减少了严重燃烧区域的淋滤，并最大限度地减少了磷的损失。总体而言，森林火灾在火后恢复的初始阶段显着影响土壤的吸附特性和磷含量，特别是orthoP和IHP。这些影响与土壤中氧化铁、土壤有机质和氧化铝的直接影响密切相关，甚至可能对整个生态系统的磷循环过程产生相对长期的影响。