Building information modeling (BIM) and geographic information system (GIS) are often integrated to achieve more refined urban management. Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) and City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) are widely used standards in BIM and GIS. The main problem of the transformation of these two standards lies in the gap between them in geometry and semantics. This article introduces an ontology‐based rule mapping approach, achieving the transformation from IFC to CityGML through coordinate system conversion, geometric expression conversion, and semantic mapping. For semantic mapping, we have designed and established rules, enabling the effective mapping of the IFC model to the CityGML level of detail 0 (LOD0) to LOD4 model based on entities, appearance properties and building properties. To fully demonstrate the entire process, we give a detailed elaboration of the conversion of several IFC models.

中文翻译：

---

用于集成 IFC 和 CityGML 的基于本体的规则映射方法

建筑信息模型（BIM）和地理信息系统（GIS）往往相结合，以实现更精细的城市管理。行业基础类 (IFC) 和城市地理标记语言 (CityGML) 是 BIM 和 GIS 中广泛使用的标准。这两个标准转换的主要问题在于它们在几何和语义上的差距。本文介绍了一种基于本体的规则映射方法，通过坐标系转换、几何表达式转换和语义映射实现了IFC到CityGML的转换。对于语义映射，我们设计并建立了规则，能够根据实体、外观属性和建筑属性将 IFC 模型有效映射到 CityGML 细节级别 0 (LOD0) 到 LOD4 模型。为了充分展示整个过程，我们对几个IFC模型的转换进行了详细的阐述。