Despite progress, MS-based proteomics in biofluids, especially blood, faces challenges such as dynamic range and throughput limitations in biomarker and disease studies. In this work, we used cutting-edge proteomics technologies to construct label-based and label-free workflows, capable of quantifying approximately 2,000 proteins in biofluids. With 70µL of blood and a single depletion strategy, we conducted an analysis of a homogenous cohort (n = 32), comparing medium-grade prostate cancer patients (Gleason score: 7(3 + 4); TNM stage: T2cN0M0, stage IIB) to healthy donors. The results revealed dozens of differentially expressed proteins in both plasma and serum. We identified the upregulation of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), a well-known biomarker for prostate cancer, in the serum of cancer cohort. Further bioinformatics analysis highlighted noteworthy proteins which appear to be differentially secreted into the bloodstream, making them good candidates for further exploration.

中文翻译：

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使用低通量和高通量方法对前列腺癌血清和血浆进行蛋白质组学研究

尽管取得了进展，但生物体液（尤其是血液）中基于 MS 的蛋白质组学仍面临生物标志物和疾病研究中的动态范围和通量限制等挑战。在这项工作中，我们使用尖端的蛋白质组学技术来构建基于标记和无标记的工作流程，能够量化生物体液中大约 2,000 种蛋白质。我们使用 70 µL 血液和单一去除策略，对同质队列 (n = 32) 进行了分析，比较中度前列腺癌患者（格里森评分：7(3 + 4)；TNM 分期：T2cN0M0，IIB​​ 期）给健康的捐赠者。结果显示血浆和血清中存在数十种差异表达的蛋白质。我们在癌症队列的血清中发现了前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）的上调，PSA是一种众所周知的前列腺癌生物标志物。进一步的生物信息学分析突出了值得注意的蛋白质，这些蛋白质似乎有差异地分泌到血液中，使它们成为进一步探索的良好候选者。