Objectives A connection between thyroid hormones (THs) and diverse metabolic pathways has been reported. We evaluated thyroid function and tissue sensitivity to THs in children and adolescents with T1D in comparison to euthyroid controls. Additionally, we investigate whether a relationship exists between sensitivity indices and metabolic parameters. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 pediatric patients diagnosed with T1D. Clinical parameters, TSH, FT3, FT4, and the presence of MS were documented. Additionally, indices of peripheral sensitivity (FT3/FT4 ratio) and central sensitivity (TSH index, TSHI; TSH T4 resistance index, TT4RI; TSH T3 resistance index, TT3RI) were assessed. Thirty healthy subjects were considered as controls. Results The overall prevalence of MS was 7.27 %, with MS identified in 8 out of 80 (10 %) T1D subjects; none of the controls manifested MS (p<0.01). No significant differences were observed in indexes of tissue sensitivity to THs between subjects with or without MS (all p>0.05). Correlations between THs and indexes of THs tissue sensitivity and metabolic parameters in controls and T1D patients were noted. Conclusions This study affirms a heightened prevalence of MS in children with T1D compared to controls and underscores the potential role of THs in maintaining metabolic equilibrium.

中文翻译：

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调查甲状腺功能正常、受 1 型糖尿病影响的儿童和青少年的甲状腺功能、甲状腺激素敏感性和代谢综合征之间的关系

目标 甲状腺激素 (TH) 与多种代谢途径之间存在联系已有报道。我们评估了患有 T1D 的儿童和青少年与甲状腺功能正常对照者的甲状腺功能和组织对 TH 的敏感性。此外，我们还研究了敏感性指数和代谢参数之间是否存在关系。方法对80例确诊为T1D的儿童患者进行回顾性分析。记录临床参数、TSH、FT3、FT4 和 MS 的存在。此外，还评估了外周敏感性指数（FT3/FT4比）和中枢敏感性指数（TSH指数，TSHI；TSH T4抵抗指数，TT4RI；TSH T3抵抗指数，TT3RI）。三十名健康受试者被视为对照。结果 MS 的总体患病率为 7.27%，80 名 T1D 受试者中有 8 名 (10%) 发现 MS；对照组均未表现出 MS（p<0.01）。患有或不患有MS的受试者之间组织对THs的敏感性指标没有观察到显着差异（均p>0.05）。注意到对照和 T1D 患者中 TH 与 TH 组织敏感性指数和代谢参数之间的相关性。结论 本研究证实，与对照组相比，1 型糖尿病儿童中 MS 的患病率更高，并强调了 TH 在维持代谢平衡方面的潜在作用。