Understanding how pedestrians move and avoid collisions is essential for ensuring safety in crowded environments. In this study, we conducted detailed experiments, focusing on variables such as movement type (walking and running), encounter angles (90 and 180 degrees), and pedestrian characteristics. We analyzed a total of 168 trajectories to gain insights into the collision avoidance strategies employed by luggage-laden pedestrians. Our study highlights the significant impact of luggage on the minimum avoidance distance in vertical encounters, while head-on approaches show limited influence. We use the minimum predicted distance to evaluate time avoidance time, with particular focus on the presence of luggage as a pivotal determinant. Furthermore, we conduct a comprehensive categorization on pedestrian behaviors when carrying luggage, taking into account their speed and trajectory. Our findings reveal distinct strategies adopted by luggage-laden pedestrians when avoiding from the left and right sides. Interestingly, pedestrians employ more efficient conflict mitigation tactics when interacting with luggage-laden individuals approaching from the left compared to the right side. These insights are valuable for optimizing crowd management strategies, particularly in transportation hubs with luggage-laden crowds.

中文翻译：

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携带行李的行人的避碰行为

了解行人如何移动并避免碰撞对于确保拥挤环境中的安全至关重要。在这项研究中，我们进行了详细的实验，重点关注运动类型（步行和跑步）、相遇角度（90 度和 180 度）以及行人特征等变量。我们总共分析了 168 条轨迹，以深入了解携带行李的行人所采用的避免碰撞策略。我们的研究强调了行李对垂直遭遇中的最小回避距离的显着影响，而正面接近的影响有限。我们使用最小预测距离来评估时间避免时间，特别关注行李的存在作为关键决定因素。此外，我们还根据行人的速度和轨迹对携带行李时的行人行为进行全面分类。我们的研究结果揭示了满载行李的行人在避开左侧和右侧时所采取的不同策略。有趣的是，与从右侧相比，行人在与从左侧接近的满载行李的人互动时采用更有效的冲突缓解策略。这些见解对于优化人群管理策略非常有价值，特别是在人群拥挤的交通枢纽。