In this paper we examine the decisions of over 15,000 young adults aged 18–35 from nine European countries to choose employment over unemployment or remaining in education. Instead of focusing only on who makes those decisions as is typically done, we attempt to answer the question of why a particular decision is made. Using data from the Cultural Pathways to Economic Self-sufficiency and Entrepreneurship (CUPESSE) project, we estimate a series of country and gender-specific conditional logit (CLGT) models adjusted for individual work values, soft skills, demographic characteristics and local labor markets. We find that young women in Czechia, Germany, Greece, Hungary and Italy and both men and women in Spain and the United Kingdom, respond to exogenous wage offers providing some evidence for job search theory and for the reservation wage hypothesis. Our uptake rate simulations show that a 10% increase in wages have the potential to increase employment by as little as 2 percentage points in the UK and by as much as 14 percentage points in Czechia and Spain. Further, if unemployment benefits are also simultaneously reduced by 10% employment increases in these latter countries by 20 and 17 percentage points. We demonstrate the ways that revealed preference (RP) analysis can aid policy makers through strength of preference, uptake rate and willingness-to-pay applications.

中文翻译：

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对九个欧洲国家青年男女的就业决策进行建模：随机效用理论和显示偏好的应用

在本文中，我们研究了来自 9 个欧洲国家的 15,000 多名 18-35 岁的年轻人选择就业而不是失业或继续接受教育的决定。我们不像通常那样只关注谁做出这些决定，而是尝试回答为什么做出特定决定的问题。利用经济自给自足和创业文化之路 (CUPESSE) 项目的数据，我们估计了一系列针对个人工作价值观、软技能、人口特征和当地劳动力市场进行调整的特定国家和性别的条件 Logit (CLGT) 模型。我们发现捷克、德国、希腊、匈牙利和意大利的年轻女性以及西班牙和英国的男性和女性对外生工资报价做出了反应，这为求职理论和保留工资假说提供了一些证据。我们的采用率模拟显示，工资上涨 10% 可能会增加英国就业人数的 2 个百分点，而捷克和西班牙的就业人数则可能增加 14 个百分点。此外，如果失业救济金也同时减少 10%，那么这些国家的就业率将增加 20 和 17 个百分点。我们展示了显示性偏好 (RP) 分析如何通过偏好强度、采用率和支付意愿来帮助决策者。