Consumption of rare-earth metal (REM) oxides, such as cerium and lanthanum, is significantly lower than their production. This discrepancy is attributed to the complex extraction of all REMs, where the share of cerium is approximately 40%. This article proposes a method for processing REM oxides for their use as master alloys in ferrous metallurgy products. REMs, in the form of modifiers for steels and alloys, are widely used. However, despite their wide usage, owing to the complexity of the REM production technology, they tend to have a high market value. This study explores the preparation of a cerium carbide (CeC₂) master alloy for the modification of steels and cast irons. The proposed method aims to reduce the cost of the alloying process and simultaneously increase the demand for REM oxides. Using a high-temperature synthesis process, CeC₂ was obtained for the modification of steel and cast iron. For this purpose, cerium dioxide (CeO₂), graphite (C), and ARMCO-iron (Fe) were mixed in a specific percentage ratio by weight: 5.4% C, 19.5% CeO₂, and 75.1% Fe. Following this, the reaction mixture was heated in a furnace to a temperature of 1650°C and held for 30 min, with a residual pressure in the furnace of 10^–1 mbar. The synthesis was performed in the temperature range of 1300–1650°C, with the highest reaction rate of at a temperature of 1520°C. Both elemental and X-ray diffraction analyses indicated that CeO₂ was the end product of the synthesis process. The master alloy does not undergo hydrolysis because CeC₂ is synthesized in the liquid phase of iron. It has been established that the technology for producing a cerium carbide alloy involving high-temperature heating in a resistive furnace, enables the production of a material with reproducible properties.

稀土金属 (REM) 氧化物（例如铈和镧）的消耗量明显低于其产量。这种差异归因于所有 REM 的复杂提取，其中铈的份额约为 40%。本文提出了一种加工 REM 氧化物的方法，以将其用作黑色冶金产品中的中间合金。REM 以钢和合金改性剂的形式得到广泛应用。然而，尽管用途广泛，但由于 REM 生产技术的复杂性，它们往往具有较高的市场价值。本研究探索了用于钢和铸铁改性的碳化铈（CeC ₂ ）中间合金的制备。所提出的方法旨在降低合金化过程的成本，同时增加对 REM 氧化物的需求。采用高温合成工艺，获得了CeC ₂用于钢和铸铁的改性。为此，将二氧化铈(CeO ₂ )、石墨(C)和ARMCO-铁(Fe)以特定重量百分比混合：5.4％C、19.5％CeO ₂和75.1％Fe。随后，将反应混合物在炉中加热至 1650°C 的温度并保持 30 分钟，炉内残余压力为 10 –1 ^mbar。合成在1300-1650℃的温度范围内进行，在1520℃的温度下反应速率最高。元素分析和X射线衍射分析均表明CeO ₂是合成过程的最终产物。_{由于CeC 2}是在铁的液相中合成的，所以中间合金不会发生水解。已经证实，在电阻炉中进行高温加热的碳化铈合金生产技术能够生产出具有可再现性能的材料。