In northern Chile, economic activities related to mining and thermoelectric energy have existed in the city of Tocopilla since the early 1900s and metal concentrations in soils have likely been altered by historic anthropogenic activities. To assess the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Co, and Cr in urban soils of Tocopilla, a total of 70 superficial (2 cm) and 70 deep (20 cm) soil samples were collected in 2014. Furthermore, to analyze concentration changes in soils over time, 18 superficial (5 cm) samples were collected in 2020–2021. A numerical evaluation (geoaccumulation index, and enrichment factor), principal component analysis, and spatial distribution approach were applied to infer geogenic and anthropogenic influence on the concentrations of these elements. The main conclusions of this research indicate that urban soils of Tocopilla contain geogenic Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Co and Cr. However, elevated concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Pb cannot be attributed to a geogenic origin alone, as a proportion of their enrichment is considered to be anthropogenically sourced. The contamination of anthropogenic elements has been found to be related to historic copper mining and thermoelectric energy production. Furthermore, when compared to other sites globally, median concentrations of Cu (945 mg/kg in 2014 and 823 mg/kg in 2020) and Zn (305 mg/kg in 2014 and 196 mg/kg in 2020) in superficial urban soils are among the highest worldwide. Regarding 2020–2021 sampling, Zn and Pb concentrations have increased, while Cu, Cr, Co, and Ni have remained similar to the 2014 samples.

在智利北部，托科皮亚市自 1900 年代初以来就存在与采矿和热电能源相关的经济活动，土壤中的金属浓度可能已因历史人类活动而改变。为了评估托科皮亚城市土壤中铜、锌、铅、镍、钴和铬的浓度，2014 年共采集了 70 个表层（2 厘米）和 70 个深层（20 厘米）土壤样品。为了了解土壤浓度随时间的变化，2020-2021 年收集了 18 个浅层（5 cm）样品。应用数值评估（地累积指数和富集因子）、主成分分析和空间分布方法来推断地质和人为对这些元素浓度的影响。本研究的主要结论表明托科皮利亚城市土壤含有地源铜、锌、铅、镍、钴和铬。然而，铜、锌和铅浓度的升高不能仅归因于地理起源，因为它们的富集部分被认为是人为来源。人们发现人为元素的污染与历史上的铜矿开采和热电能源生产有关。此外，与全球其他地点相比，城市表层土壤中铜（2014 年为 945 毫克/公斤，2020 年为 823 毫克/公斤）和锌（2014 年为 305 毫克/公斤，2020 年为 196 毫克/公斤）的中位浓度为位居全球最高之列。对于 2020-2021 年样品，Zn 和 Pb 浓度有所增加，而 Cu、Cr、Co 和 Ni 与 2014 年样品保持相似。