Hotels and tourist-oriented businesses geographically coagglomerate in urban areas, suggesting that hotels affect the commercial structure around them. Yet, previous evidence is correlational and cannot establish if hotel openings can trigger a tourist-oriented commercial transformation. This paper proposes to fill this gap by using a natural experiment. At the end of 2015, the issuance of licenses for new hotels was suspended in Barcelona, heterogeneously impacting 70 properties in the pipeline. Those projects that had obtained all the required permits when the ban was imposed could still open, while the rest were stopped. Accordingly, employing data from different commercial census waves and a difference-in-differences strategy, changes in the commercial structure around addresses where hotels were permitted to those where they were not are compared. The results show that, on average, hotel openings positively impacted the appearance of new tourist-oriented businesses. Nevertheless, this transformative power was limited in magnitude and geographical scope.

中文翻译：

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酒店开业对商业结构的影响：来自自然实验的证据

酒店和旅游导向型企业在地理上聚集在城市地区，这表明酒店影响着周围的商业结构。然而，之前的证据是相关的，无法确定酒店的开业是否可以引发以游客为导向的商业转型。本文建议通过自然实验来填补这一空白。2015 年底，巴塞罗那暂停发放新酒店许可证，对 70 家正在筹建的酒店产生了不同程度的影响。禁令实施时已获得所有必要许可的项目仍可开放，其余项目则被停止。因此，利用来自不同商业普查浪潮的数据和双重差异策略，对允许酒店的地址和不允许酒店的地址周围的商业结构的变化进行比较。结果显示，平均而言，酒店开业对新的旅游导向型企业的出现产生了积极影响。然而，这种变革力量的规模和地理范围是有限的。