This work reports the characterization of the lipidic fraction of seven species of marine organisms gathered along the shoreline of the Po Delta Park of Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy) and of the north Adriatic Sea. Two species of oysters ( and ), two species of clams ( and ), one species of mussel (), one species of macroalgae (), and one species of spiny dogfish () were analyzed to characterize their fatty acids profile and related nutritional value. The lipid fraction was simultaneously extracted and transesterified into fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) by using a recently developed one-step microwave-assisted extraction/derivatization (MAED) method. The obtained FAMEs extract was analyzed by a rapid comprehensive multidimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) method (30 min). The system was equipped with a reverse set of columns (polar × non-polar) connected through a reversed fill/flush flow modulator. The GC × GC system was coupled with a flame-ionization detector (FID) for both qualitative and quantitative purposes. The MAED- GC × GC-FID methodology was suitable in the context of samples containing high percentages of omega-3 PUFA. A total of 82 FAMEs were tentatively identified using standards, literature data, and the two-dimensional plot location. FAME profiles obtained with the proposed approach were comparable with reference methods (AOCS Ce 2b-11), showing no significant differences. Moreover, to determine the food nutritional value of the samples investigated, the most common nutritional indices (index of atherogenicity, index thrombogenicity, hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio, health-promoting index, unsaturation index, and the fish lipid quality index) were calculated from FAME profiles. Among the samples investigated, presented the best nutritional score, while had the worst score in 3 out of 6 indices.

中文翻译：

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一步微波辅助提取/衍生化和综合二维气相色谱-火焰离子化检测器测定海洋生物脂肪酸的组成和营养价值

这项工作报告了沿着艾米利亚-罗马涅地区（意大利）波河三角洲公园和北亚得里亚海海岸线采集的七种海洋生物的脂质部分的特征。对两种牡蛎 ( 和 )、两种蛤 ( 和 )、一种贻贝 ( )、一种大型藻类 ( ) 和一种角鲨 ( ) 进行了分析，以表征其脂肪酸谱和相关营养价值。通过使用最近开发的一步微波辅助提取/衍生化 (MAED) 方法，将脂质部分同时提取并酯交换为脂肪酸甲酯 (FAME)。通过快速综合多维气相色谱（GC × GC）方法（30 分钟）对获得的 FAME 提取物进行分析。该系统配备了一组反向色谱柱（极性×非极性），通过反向填充/冲洗流量调节器连接。 GC × GC 系统与火焰离子化检测器 (FID) 结合用于定性和定量目的。 MAED-GC × GC-FID 方法适用于含有高百分比 omega-3 PUFA 的样品。使用标准、文献数据和二维绘图位置初步鉴定出总共 82 个 FAME。使用所提出的方法获得的 FAME 概况与参考方法 (AOCS Ce 2b-11) 相当，没有显示出显着差异。此外，为了确定所研究样品的食品营养价值，根据 FAME 计算了最常见的营养指数（致动脉粥样硬化指数、血栓形成指数、低胆固醇/高胆固醇比率、健康促进指数、不饱和指数和鱼脂质量指数）配置文件。在调查的样本中，营养得分最好，而在6个指标中有3个得分最差。