Incremental sheet forming (ISF) produces 3D components imposing localized deformation by spherical-ended tool moving on a predefined path without requiring component-specific die/punch. The formability achieved in ISF is much higher than the conventional sheet forming processes; however, the deformation imposed during ISF alters the mechanical properties of the component. The present work investigates the tensile behavior and strain localization during the uniaxial tensile test of the AA6061-T6 component after single point incremental forming (SPIF). The influence of incremental depth (Δ) and tool diameter () on the tensile response and strain localization is illustrated by a digital image correlation setup with two cameras. The tensile strength of SPIF components increases with Δ and mildly decreases with . The changes in scallop heights/undulations formed due to tool movement at higher Δ and influence the localized strain accumulation. Regions of localized strain are more when Δ is high, but strain accumulation is more even with an increase in . Texture analysis showed increased dislocation density due to the strain hardening after SPIF. The presence of brass {011}<211>, copper {112}<111>, and S {123}<634> texture indicates the plane-strain deformation in the wall region of the component formed by SPIF.

中文翻译：

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解释 AA6061-T6 板材单点渐进成形后的拉伸响应：两个摄像头 DIC 应变测量和织构分析

增量板材成型 (ISF) 生产 3D 部件，通过在预定义路径上移动的球形端头工具施加局部变形，无需部件特定的模具/冲头。 ISF 实现的成形性能远高于传统板材成形工艺；然而，ISF 过程中施加的变形会改变部件的机械性能。目前的工作研究了单点渐进成形 (SPIF) 后 AA6061-T6 部件单轴拉伸试验期间的拉伸行为和应变局部化。增量深度 (Δ) 和工具直径 () 对拉伸响应和应变定位的影响通过两个摄像机的数字图像相关设置来说明。 SPIF 组件的拉伸强度随着 Δ 的增加而增加，并随着 的增加而轻微降低。由于工具在较高 Δ 下移动而形成扇形高度/起伏的变化，并影响局部应变累积。当 Δ 较高时，局部应变区域较多，但随着 的增加，应变积累更加均匀。织构分析显示，由于 SPIF 后的应变硬化，位错密度增加。黄铜{011}<211>、铜{112}<111>和S{123}<634>织构的存在表明由SPIF形成的部件的壁区域中存在平面应变变形。