The performance of nano- and micro-porous materials in capturing and releasing fluids, such as during CO geo-storage and water/gas removal in fuel cells and electrolyzers, is determined by their wettability in contact with the solid. However, accurately characterizing wettability is challenging due to spatial variations in dynamic forces, chemical heterogeneity, and surface roughness. measurements can potentially measure wettability locally as a contact angle - the angle a denser phase (e.g water) contacts solid in the presence of a second phase ( hydrogen, air, CO) - but suffer from difficulties in accurately capturing curvatures, contact areas, and contact loops of multiphase fluids. We introduce a novel extended topological method for contact angle measurement and provide a comparative review of current geometric and topological methods, assessing their accuracy on ideal surfaces, porous rocks containing CO, and water in gas diffusion layers. The new method demonstrates higher accuracy and reliability of measurements for uniformly wetting systems compared to previous topological approaches, while geometric measurements perform best for mixed-wetting domains. This study further provides a comprehensive open-source platform for characterization of wettability in porous materials with implications for gas geo-storage, fuel cells and electrolyzers, filtration, and catalysis.

中文翻译：

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多孔材料异质表面润湿的原位表征

纳米和微孔材料在捕获和释放流体方面的性能，例如在燃料电池和电解槽中二氧化碳地质储存和水/气体去除过程中，由它们与固体接触的润湿性决定。然而，由于动态力、化学不均匀性和表面粗糙度的空间变化，准确表征润湿性具有挑战性。测量可以潜在地以接触角的形式测量局部润湿性——在存在第二相（氢气、空气、CO）的情况下，较密相（例如水）接触固体的角度——但在准确捕获曲率、接触面积和接触角方面存在困难。多相流体的接触回路。我们介绍了一种用于接触角测量的新型扩展拓扑方法，并对当前的几何和拓扑方法进行了比较回顾，评估了它们在理想表面、含有 CO 的多孔岩石和气体扩散层中的水上的准确性。与以前的拓扑方法相比，新方法证明了均匀润湿系统测量的准确性和可靠性更高，而几何测量在混合润湿域中表现最佳。这项研究进一步提供了一个全面的开源平台，用于表征多孔材料的润湿性，对气体地质储存、燃料电池和电解槽、过滤和催化具有影响。