Sulfonated azo dyes are crucial for the histochemical, topochemical, and electrophoretic demonstration of proteins. Additionally, these dyes may reveal the significance of evaluating the anisotropic phenomenon of linear dichroism in macromolecularly oriented stained proteins. However, this requires that the ordered –NH groups available for electrostatic binding of the -SO dye groups are present in the protein substrate. Further, the reactive -SO dye groups should be positioned in a way to permit selective absorption of polarized light at the level of the dye –NN- chromophore azo groups. This review reports the usefulness of sulfonated azo dyes in revealing the extrinsic phenomenon of linear dichroism in dye-substrate complexes and changes in the oriented state of protein macromolecules.

中文翻译：

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磺化偶氮染料在评估大分子定向蛋白质底物中的用途

磺化偶氮染料对于蛋白质的组织化学、拓扑化学和电泳演示至关重要。此外，这些染料可能揭示评估大分子定向染色蛋白质中线性二色性各向异性现象的重要性。然而，这要求蛋白质底物中存在可用于静电结合 -SO 染料基团的有序 -NH 基团。此外，反应性-SO染料基团的定位方式应允许在染料-NN-发色团偶氮基团水平上选择性吸收偏振光。这篇综述报道了磺化偶氮染料在揭示染料-底物复合物中线性二色性的外在现象和蛋白质大分子取向状态的变化方面的用途。