Balloon pulmonary angioplasty continues to gain traction as a treatment option for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease with and without pulmonary hypertension. Recent European Society of Cardiology guidelines on pulmonary hypertension now give balloon pulmonary angioplasty a Class 1 recommendation for inoperable and residual chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Not surprisingly, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension centers are rapidly initiating balloon pulmonary angioplasty programs. However, we need a comprehensive, expert consensus document outlining critical concepts, including identifying necessary personnel and expertise, criteria for patient selection, and a standardized approach to preprocedural planning and establishing criteria for evaluating procedural efficacy and safety. Given this lack of standards, the balloon pulmonary angioplasty skill set is learned through peer-to-peer contact and training. This document is a state-of-the-art, comprehensive statement from key thought leaders to address this gap in the current clinical practice of balloon pulmonary angioplasty. We summarize the current status of the procedure and provide a consensus opinion on the role of balloon pulmonary angioplasty in the overall care of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease with and without pulmonary hypertension. We also identify knowledge gaps, provide guidance for new centers interested in initiating balloon pulmonary angioplasty programs, and highlight future directions and research needs for this emerging therapy.

中文翻译：

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球囊肺血管成形术治疗伴或不伴肺动脉高压的慢性血栓栓塞性肺部疾病的现状和未来方向：美国心脏协会的科学声明

球囊肺血管成形术作为患有或不患有肺动脉高压的慢性血栓栓塞性肺病患者的治疗选择继续受到关注。最近欧洲心脏病学会关于肺动脉高压的指南现在将球囊肺血管成形术列为 1 级推荐，用于治疗无法手术和残留的慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压。毫不奇怪，慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压中心正在迅速启动球囊肺血管成形术项目。然而，我们需要一份全面的专家共识文件，概述关键概念，包括确定必要的人员和专业知识、患者选择标准、术前规划的标准化方法以及建立评估手术有效性和安全性的标准。鉴于缺乏标准，球囊肺血管成形术技能是通过同行接触和培训来学习的。本文件是关键思想领袖的最新综合声明，旨在解决当前球囊肺血管成形术临床实践中的这一差距。我们总结了该手术的现状，并就球囊肺血管成形术在伴有或不伴有肺动脉高压的慢性血栓栓塞性肺病患者的整体护理中的作用提供了共识。我们还确定知识差距，为有兴趣启动球囊肺血管成形术项目的新中心提供指导，并强调这种新兴疗法的未来方向和研究需求。