ObjectiveThis paper examines the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) using a multivariate multilevel approach and investigates the links between individual and school‐related correlates with children's BMI and CRF.MethodsThis cross‐sectional sample included 1014 children (6–10 years) from 25 Portuguese primary schools. BMI was calculated, and CRF was assessed with the PACER test. Fundamental movement skills (FMS) included five object control tasks. Moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sleep, and sedentary time were assessed with the ActiGraph wGT3X‐BT accelerometer. Socioeconomic status (SES) and school variables were also obtained. A multivariate multilevel model was used, and alpha was set at 5%.ResultsBMI and CRF systematically increased with age. Most of the joint variance (94.4%) was explained at the child level, and BMI and CRF were correlated at this level (ρ = −.37). More active children demonstrated higher CRF levels and had lower BMI levels; sedentary and sleep time were not significantly associated with BMI or CRF. FMS were positively associated with CRF but were not significantly associated with BMI. Children at higher SES were more fit and had lower BMI than their peers of lower SES. Finally, school‐level variables were not significantly related to BMI and CRF.ConclusionBMI and CRF had a low but statistically significant negative correlation in this sample of children. Most of the variation in BMI and CRF was explained by child‐level characteristics.

中文翻译：

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REACT 项目中小学生体重指数和心肺健康的个人和学校相关性：多变量多水平分析

目的本文采用多变量多层次方法检验体重指数 (BMI) 和心肺健康 (CRF) 之间的关系，并调查个人和学校相关因素与儿童 BMI 和 CRF 之间的联系。方法此横断面样本包括 1014 名儿童（6 –10 年）来自 25 所葡萄牙小学。计算 BMI，并通过 PACER 测试评估 CRF。基本运动技能（FMS）包括五项物体控制任务。使用 ActiGraph wGT3X-BT 加速度计评估中度至剧烈体力活动 (MVPA)、睡眠和久坐时间。还获得了社会经济地位（SES）和学校变量。采用多变量多水平模型，α设定为5%。结果BMI和CRF随着年龄的增长而系统性增加。大多数联合方差 (94.4%) 是在儿童水平上解释的，并且 BMI 和 CRF 在该水平上相关（ρ= −.37)。越活跃的儿童表现出较高的 CRF 水平和较低的 BMI 水平；久坐和睡眠时间与 BMI 或 CRF 没有显着相关性。FMS 与 CRF 呈正相关，但与 BMI 不显着相关。社会经济地位较高的儿童比社会经济地位较低的同龄人更健康，体重指数也较低。最后，学校水平的变量与 BMI 和 CRF 没有显着相关。结论 BMI 和 CRF 在该儿童样本中具有较低但统计显着的负相关性。BMI 和 CRF 的大部分变化可以用儿童水平的特征来解释。