The significance of urban landscapes in safeguarding biodiversity is often disregarded, even though a considerable amount of conservation focus is directed toward biodiversity hotspots where urban land conversion is happening at the fastest pace. Maintaining biodiversity in urban areas not only benefits the environment, but along with social, economic, and technological factors can increase the stability of urban systems to disturbance, a concept known as “urban resilience”. In this synthesis paper, we explore the ecological dimension of urban resilience and specifically focus on avian biodiversity because birds are easy to observe, relatively abundant, and can serve as an indicator of the overall health of urban environments. We first examine the concept of ecological resilience and discuss the role of environmental stressors associated with urbanization in the ongoing avian biodiversity crisis. We then provide an overview of characteristics of the urban environment that may promote ecological resilience in birds, and associations between social and economic factors and urban ecological resilience. Finally, we provide recommendations on future research regarding strategies to improve urban ecological resilience and thus, urban resilience as a whole, at the intersections of urban ecology, ecosystem ecology, environmental justice, and urban planning. Since 68% of the world’s population is projected to live in urban areas by 2050, it is imperative that scientists, urban planners, civil engineers, architects, and others consider urban ecological resilience as a dimension of both environmental health and the resilience of cities to future natural and anthropogenic stressors.

中文翻译：

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通过鸟类生物多样性的视角促进城市生态恢复力

城市景观在保护生物多样性方面的重要性常常被忽视，尽管大量的保护重点都集中在城市土地转变速度最快的生物多样性热点地区。维持城市地区的生物多样性不仅有利于环境，而且与社会、经济和技术因素一起可以提高城市系统对干扰的稳定性，这一概念被称为“城市复原力”。在这篇综合论文中，我们探讨了城市复原力的生态维度，并特别关注鸟类生物多样性，因为鸟类易于观察、相对丰富，并且可以作为城市环境整体健康状况的指标。我们首先研究生态恢复力的概念，并讨论与城市化相关的环境压力源在持续的鸟类生物多样性危机中的作用。然后，我们概述了可能促进鸟类生态恢复力的城市环境特征，以及社会和经济因素与城市生态恢复力之间的关联。最后，我们对未来研究提出建议，以提高城市生态复原力的策略，从而提高城市整体复原力，在城市生态学、生态系统生态学、环境正义和城市规划的交叉点上。由于预计到 2050 年，世界上 68% 的人口将居住在城市地区，因此科学家、城市规划者、土木工程师、建筑师和其他人士必须将城市生态恢复力视为环境健康和城市恢复力的一个维度。未来的自然和人为压力源。