Abstract

This study focuses on the utilization of bolaina sawdust waste from the Peruvian Amazon for the production of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). Bolaina is known for its rapid growth and extensive wood usage, which generate significant amounts of sawdust waste. The objective of this research was to physicochemically study this biomass source and the conversion of this waste into valuable nanocellulosic materials. The results showed that CNF yields from holocellulose (CNF-BH) and alpha-cellulose (CNF-Bα) gave high nanofibrillation yields of 80.6% and 74.7%, respectively. The CNFs were disintegrated into nanoscale fibers using microfluidizer treatment, resulting in CNF-BH displaying a thicker, gel-like aspect, while CNF-Bα showed a more liquid aspect. The FTIR spectra showed peaks associated with -CH₂ groups, C = O stretching vibrations of carboxyl and acetyl groups in hemicelluloses, and cellulose I and II vibrations. TGA analysis demonstrated that both CNFs had two stages of degradation, with a maximum peak degradation temperature of 240 °C in the first stage and 310 to 350 °C in the second stage. The XRD patterns of CNF-BH and CNF-Bα showed differences in the crystallinity index, with values of 68.1% and 75.4%, respectively. The differences in crystallinity between the two CNFs can be explained by the alkaline purification method to which the alpha-cellulose sample was subjected. Overall, the CNFs exhibited a high crystallinity index and thermal stability, making them promising candidates for various applications in materials science and aiding in the development of sustainable materials.

中文翻译：

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最大限度地提高博莱纳木材的利用率：从锯末废料中提取纤维素纳米纤维

摘要

本研究的重点是利用秘鲁亚马逊地区的博莱纳锯末废料生产纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）。博莱纳以其快速生长和广泛的木材使用而闻名，这会产生大量的锯末废物。本研究的目的是通过物理化学方法研究这种生物质来源以及将这种废物转化为有价值的纳米纤维素材料。结果表明，全纤维素 (CNF-BH) 和 α-纤维素 (CNF-Bα) 的 CNF 产率分别达到 80.6% 和 74.7% 的高纳米原纤化产率。使用微流化床处理将 CNF 分解成纳米级纤维，导致 CNF-BH 显示出更厚的凝胶状外观，而 CNF-Bα 显示出更液态的外观。FTIR光谱显示与-CH ₂基团、半纤维素中羧基和乙酰基的C = O伸缩振动以及纤维素I和II振动相关的峰。TGA分析表明，两种CNF均具有两个降解阶段，第一阶段的最大降解峰值温度为240℃，第二阶段的最大降解温度为310至350℃。CNF-BH和CNF-Bα的XRD图谱显示结晶度指数存在差异，分别为68.1%和75.4%。两种 CNF 之间结晶度的差异可以通过 α-纤维素样品所采用的碱纯化方法来解释。总体而言，CNF 表现出高结晶度指数和热稳定性，使其成为材料科学中各种应用的有希望的候选者，并有助于可持续材料的开发。