The COVID‐19 pandemic brought about unprecedented changes and uncertainty to the daily lives of youth. The range of adjustment in light of a near‐universal experience of COVID restrictions highlights the importance of identifying factors that may render some individuals more susceptible to heightened levels of anxiety during stressful life events than others. Two risk factors to consider are temperamental behavioral inhibition (BI) and difficulties in emotion regulation (ER). As such, the current paper focused on BI examined prior to COVID, because of its developmental link to anxiety and ER, as difficulties may be associated with differences in anxiety. We examined a neurocognitive marker of ER processes, delta–beta coupling (DBC). The current paper had two goals: (1) to examine BI in relation to COVID‐related worry and social anxiety experienced during the pandemic, and (2) to explore the role of individual differences in early DBC in the relationship between BI and anxiety outcomes 6 months apart during COVID‐19 (n = 86; T1 Mage = 15.95, SD = 1.73; T6 Mage = 16.43, SD = 1.73). We found support for the moderating role of DBC in the relationship between BI levels and social anxiety disorder (SAD) symptom severity during the pandemic. Here, high BI was predictive of increased SAD symptom levels in adolescents with stronger DBC.

中文翻译：

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压力、行为抑制和 Delta-β 耦合之间的相互作用可预测 COVID-19 大流行期间的青少年焦虑

COVID-19 大流行给年轻人的日常生活带来了前所未有的变化和不确定性。鉴于几乎所有人都经历过新冠病毒限制措施，调整的范围凸显了识别因素的重要性，这些因素可能使某些人在压力性生活事件中比其他人更容易受到更高水平的焦虑。需要考虑的两个风险因素是气质行为抑制（BI）和情绪调节困难（ER）。因此，本文重点关注在新冠疫情之前检查的 BI，因为其与焦虑和 ER 的发展相关，因为困难可能与焦虑的差异有关。我们检查了 ER 过程的神经认知标记，δ-β 耦合 (DBC)。当前的论文有两个目标：(1) 研究 BI 与大流行期间经历的 COVID 相关担忧和社交焦虑的关系；(2) 探讨早期 DBC 中的个体差异在 BI 和焦虑结果之间关系中的作用COVID-19 期间间隔 6 个月（n= 86；T1中号年龄= 15.95，标清= 1.73; T6中号年龄= 16.43，标清= 1.73）。我们发现，在大流行期间，DBC 在 BI 水平和社交焦虑障碍 (SAD) 症状严重程度之间的关系中发挥调节作用。在这里，高 BI 预示着 DBC 较强的青少年 SAD 症状水平增加。