Foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) stands as an important contributor to accidental fatalities, yet prompt bystander interventions have been shown to improve survival. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, interventions, and survival outcomes of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) related to FBAO in comparison to patients with non-FBAO OHCA. In this population-based cohort study, we included all OHCAs in Denmark from 2016 to 2022. Cases related to FBAO were identified and linked to the patient register. Descriptive and multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate prognostic factors potentially influencing survival. A total of 30,926 OHCA patients were included. The incidence rate of FBAO-related OHCA was 0.78 per 100,000 person-years. Among FBAO cases, 24% presented with return of spontaneous circulation upon arrival of the emergency medical services. The 30-day survival rate was higher in FBAO patients (30%) compared to non-FBAO patients (14%). Bystander interventions were recorded in 26% of FBAO cases. However, no statistically significant association between bystander interventions or EMS personnels’ use of Magill forceps and survival was shown, aOR 1.47 (95 % CI 0.6–3.6) and aOR 0.88 (95% CI 0.3–2.1). FBAO-related OHCA was rare but has a higher initial survival rate than non-FBAO related OHCA, with a considerable proportion of patients achieving return of spontaneous circulation upon arrival of the emergency medical service personnel. No definitive associations were established between survival and specific interventions performed by bystanders or EMS personnel. These findings highlight the need for further research in this area.

中文翻译：

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丹麦异物气道阻塞导致院外心脏骤停——发生率、生存率和干预措施

气道异物阻塞 (FBAO) 是导致意外死亡的一个重要因素，但事实证明，旁观者的及时干预可以提高生存率。本研究旨在评估与 FBAO 相关的院外心脏骤停 (OHCA) 患者与非 FBAO OHCA 患者的发生率、干预措施和生存结果。在这项基于人群的队列研究中，我们纳入了 2016 年至 2022 年丹麦的所有 OHCA。确定了与 FBAO 相关的病例，并将其与患者登记相关联。进行描述性和多变量分析以评估可能影响生存的预后因素。总共纳入了 30,926 名 OHCA 患者。 FBAO 相关 OHCA 的发生率为每 10 万人年 0.78 例。在 FBAO 病例中，24% 在紧急医疗服务到达后恢复了自主循环。 FBAO 患者 (30%) 的 30 天生存率高于非 FBAO 患者 (14%)。 26% 的 FBAO 案例中记录了旁观者干预。然而，旁观者干预或 EMS 人员使用 Magill 镊子与生存之间没有显示出统计学上显着的关联，aOR 1.47 (95% CI 0.6–3.6) 和 aOR 0.88 (95% CI 0.3–2.1)。 FBAO相关的OHCA很少见，但其初始生存率高于非FBAO相关的OHCA，相当比例的患者在紧急医疗服务人员到达后恢复自主循环。生存率与旁观者或急救人员执行的特定干预措施之间没有建立明确的关联。这些发现凸显了该领域进一步研究的必要性。